俄罗斯经济现代化政策及其对韩俄合作的启示

Boogyun Kang, Jiyoung Min, S. Jeh
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摘要

俄罗斯经济现代化政策的目标是将严重依赖能源出口的经济转变为以创新为基础的经济。对于俄罗斯经济现代化政策的成就和局限性,有不同的看法。俄罗斯领导人认为,关于现代化政策的目标、政策方向和优先领域的讨论尚未完成。与此同时,专家们普遍认为,经济现代化是可持续发展的一个值得称赞的政策方向,政府的意愿、组成机制的有效运行、通过密集的结构性改革改善投资环境、通过政治和金融手段促进中小企业的创新是政策成功的关键因素。最近,俄罗斯政府倾向于将培育进口替代产业和中小企业等经济改革课题纳入经济现代化政策。这反映了俄罗斯迫切需要政府主导的全面改革的现实。这五个领域——能源效率、核技术、信息通信技术、空间技术以及医疗和制药技术——仍然是俄罗斯的关键优先事项,这些行业被经济现代化和创新发展委员会作为核心议程进行讨论,该委员会是政策的控制塔。根据本文的研究结果,从俄罗斯经济现代化政策的角度提出了韩俄合作的措施。首先,在韩俄经济科学技术合作共同委员会召开的同时,应同时举行以创新风险企业为对象的韩俄企业论坛。第二,在莫斯科设立韩国创新中心(KIC),与经济现代化政策的执行机构建立合作关系。第三,为了加强韩俄之间的科学技术合作,应该培养下一代人才。第四,可以利用俄罗斯的产业特区和创新经济区作为韩俄合作的平台。第五,建立韩俄经济现代化和革新门户网站将有助于加强两国的合作。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Russia's Economic Modernization Policy and Implications for Cooperation between Korea and Russia
The goal of Russia's economic modernization policy is to transform the economy, heavily dependent on energy exports, into an innovation-based economy. There are diverse views as to the achievements and limits of Russia's economic modernization policy. The Russian leadership considers the discussions over goals, policy directions and priority sectors of the modernization policy to be yet unfinished. Meanwhile, experts do agree in general that economic modernization is a laudable policy direction for sustainable development and that the government's willingness, efficient operation of the constituent mechanisms, improving the investment environment through intensive structural reforms, and promoting innovation of SMEs through political and financial methods are critical factors for the policy's success. Recently, the Russian government has shown a tendency to include economic reform tasks such as nurturing import substitute industries and SMEs in economic modernization policies. This reflects Russia's reality in which comprehensive reforms led by the government are urgently called for. The five sectors - energy efficiency, nuclear technology, ICT, space technology, and medical and pharmaceutical technology - are still Russia's key priority, and the industries are discussed as core agendas by the Council for Economic Modernization and Innovative Development, the control tower of the policy. Based on the findings of this study, measures for Korea-Russia cooperation in terms of Russia's economic modernization policy are suggested as follows. First, a Korea-Russia business forum for innovative venture companies should be held simultaneously when the Korea-Russia Joint Committee on Economic, Scientific and Technological Cooperation convenes. Second, it is necessary to open a Korea Innovation Center (KIC) in Moscow and set up cooperative relations with the implementing agencies of the economic modernization policy.Third, the next generation's human resources should be nurtured to enhance scientific and technological cooperation between Korea and Russia. Fourth, Russia's special industrial and innovative economic zones can be utilized as a platform for Korea-Russia cooperation. Fifth, launching a Korean-Russian portal site for economic modernization and innovation will be helpful in strengthening bilateral cooperation.
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