A Critical Review on Basti – An Ardha Chikitsa

Background: In Ayurveda, Chikitsa does not mean simply the relief from ailment or absence of symptoms; it is bringing back the normalcy specific to that person. The word Shodhana means cleansing and purifying. Basti holds a distinct position in contrast to other Panchakarma measures due to its wide spectrum and competent benefits. Observation: Basti Karma controls Vata at its Moolasthana Pakwashaya, and thus, all metabolic processes under the control of Vata are automatically regulated as, if the root of the diseased tree is destroyed; its branches, leaves, and flowers are automatically destroyed. Veerya of the Basti Dravyas transmitted all over the body. It sucks out Doshas from head to toe as, the sun though miles away with its rays, sucks the water from the plants on the earth. No other Chikitsa is as capable as Basti to tolerate and regulate the force of Vata. All these actions of Basti can be well explained on the basis of known physiological and pharmacological actions. Thus, Basti has promotive, curative, preventive, and rejuvenative effect. Conclusion: It can be concluded that Basti is a highly complex, sophisticated, and systemic therapy having a wider range of therapeutic actions and indications. It has been considered as the prime treatment modality of Vata Dosha. Innumerable Basti can be formulated using various drugs in different proportions for various diseases and for different patients.