不同死后时间形态变化的法医鉴定

E. Grygorian, V. Olkhovsky, M. Gubin, V. Shishkin
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摘要

目的:在对尸体进行法医检查时,验尸间隔(PMI)评估是优先事项之一。迄今为止,对某些内脏器官的死后形态学变化缺乏研究。考虑到一直需要开发精确评估PMI的方法,我们评估了这些潜在信息器官的死后变化。研究的目的是分析死后前列腺和子宫的形态学变化。材料与方法:取材于18 ~ 75岁死者尸体的前列腺组织和子宫组织各40例(n=80)。只有已知死亡时间的案件被纳入研究,死亡时间取自警方报告。排除标准是暴力死亡病例、大量失血死亡病例、所研究的内脏肿瘤病例、未经法医检查作出诊断的病例。研究病例的PMI为1 ~ 6天。使用Olympus ВХ41和Olympus ВХ46显微镜,Olympus SC50相机,用苏木精和伊红染色制成组织学切片,放大倍数为x200。使用基于js的程序通过计算微观结构中的空白百分比来评估死后形态学变化。PMI与形态变化之间的关系通过Spearman等级相关来计算。结果:子宫组织中空白的平均百分比小于前列腺组织(分别为1.99和9.65)。子宫内空白生长较慢。在前列腺样本中,死亡后48至72小时内观察到空白显著增加。在这段时间之后,增加速度放缓,然后在死亡后120至144小时之间再次观察到增加。在子宫样本中,在死亡后72至120小时之间观察到轻微加速,然后在死亡后120至144小时之间减慢。组织学切片中空白区域的增加与PMI成正比,具有统计学意义的相互关系(p < 0.05)。结论:死后前列腺和子宫的形态变化在一定时间内发生。在研究的组织学切片中,空白百分比与PMI的增加成正比,定义了统计学上显著的互连。因此,研究结果表明,通过评估这些器官的形态变化来评估死后时间间隔的可能性,可用于法医案件。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
FORENSIC MEDICAL ASSESSMENT OF MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES AT DIFFERENT POSTMORTEM INTERVAL
Purpose: The postmortem interval (PMI) evaluation is one of priorities while performing a forensic medical examination of corpse. To date, there is lack of information of morphological postmortem changes of some internal organs. Considering the persistent need to develop the method for a precise assessment of PMI, postmortem changes in these potentially informative organs were evaluated. The aim of study was to analyze morphological postmortem changes in prostate and uterus. Materials and Methods: histological samples of 40 prostate tissues and 40 uterus (n=80) from corpses of deceased aged 18-75 years. Only cases with known time of death were included to study, the time of death was taken from police reports. Exclusion criteria were cases of violent death, cases of death with massive blood loss, tumors of studied internal organs, cases when diagnosis was not made by a forensic medical examiner. The PMI of studied cases ranged from 1 to 6 days. Histological slides were made with a staining by hematoxylin and eosin, x200 magnification, using Olympus ВХ41 and Olympus ВХ46 microscopes, Olympus SC50 camera. Postmortem morphological changes were evaluated by a calculation of blank spaces percentage in microscopical structures using a JS-based program. Connection between PMI and morphological changes was calculated by the Spearman’s rank correlation. Results: the average percentage of blank spaces in uterus tissues was smaller than in prostate tissues (1,99 and 9,65 relatively). The slower growing of blank spaces was in uterus. In prostate samples, a notable increase of blank spaces was observed between 48 and 72 hours after the death. After this period, the increase slowed down and then an increase was observed again between 120 and 144 hours after the death. In uterus samples, a slight acceleration observed between 72 and 120 hours after the death and then slowing down between 120 and 144 hours after the death. Blank spaces in evaluated histological slides were increasing directly proportional to the PMI, a statistically significant interconnection was defined (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The morphological postmortem changes in prostate and uterus were developing at certain time frames. Blank spaces percentage, in studied histological slides, were increasing directly proportional to the PMI increase, a statistically significant interconnection was defined. Therefore, the results of study show the possibility of the evaluation of a postmortem time interval by assessing such morphological changes in these organs, which could be used in forensic medical cases.
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