The relationship between Dai Co Viet in the Dinh and Early Le dynasties and the Song dynasty from 968 to 1009

The article focuses on understanding and analyzing the diplomatic activities between Dai Co Viet under the Dinh, Tien Le dynasties, and the Song Dynasty, which are reflected in some ancient Vietnamese bibliographies and Song’s history of China. The article mainly uses the statistical method, and compares and contrasts the sources of ancient Vietnamese bibliographies and ancient Chinese bibliographies, with reference to some comments and assessments of previous works on the relationship between Dai Co Viet and the Song Dynasty. Considering two-way diplomatic events, placed in a specific historical context, is the basis for coming to an objective perception of the reciprocal position of each king of the Dinh and Former Le dynasties in the relationship between the two dynasties with the Song in order to establish peace and gain recognition from the Song Dynasty of the legal status of the head of the dynasty. The research results also clarify the flexibility, initiative, and appropriateness of the methods used by the Dinh and Tien Le dynasties to protect and strengthen their independence. To a certain extent, the research results contribute to clarifying the achievements of our country in the 10th century and the first decade of the 11th century from the perspective of relations with Northern feudalism.