Exploring the Linkages between Parenting Styles, Self-efficacy, and Self-employment Intentions: A Comprehensive Literature Review

Existing literature lacks a comprehensive systematic review investigating the relationship between parenting styles, self-efficacy, and self-employment intentions, highlighting a notable research gap. This review is aimed to explore the association between parenting styles, self-efficacy, and the self-employment intention of youth. The search strategy employed in this review encompassed reputable electronic databases, academic journals, and a wide range of quantitative and qualitative research studies exploring the domains of parenting, self-efficacy, and self-employment intention. To bring coherence to the diffuse body of literature, this study reviews 141 scholarly papers and analyzes content analysis. The included studies were categorized into three topics including parenting styles, self-efficacy, and self-employment. The styles of parenting were found to be positively associated with the self-efficacy of youth, which influences their self-employment intentions. The evidence was most robust concerning the association between a high level of self-efficacy and an authoritative parenting style, with the findings of 16 included studies. Though the study acclaimed that self-efficacy is positively related to self-employment intention, research to date has not focused on the influence of parenting styles on self-employment intention. The findings of this study offer valuable insights for policymakers and provide direction for future research, highlighting the importance of fostering self-efficacy through parenting styles to promote self-employment.