乌克兰战争条件下地方经济发展的组织和法律规定

R. Bedriy
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引用次数: 0

摘要

文章界定了戒严令下乌克兰地方经济发展的组织和法律规定的特点。特别是,报告指出,在俄罗斯武装侵略的现代条件下,当领土社区不断努力解决其生计问题时,动员努力并使社区重新定位与激活当地经济发展有关的活动至关重要。与此同时,地方经济发展被定义为地方自治机构、商业结构、民间社会机构和领土社区积极成员之间相互作用的过程,目的是确保社区经济部门的有效运作和提高当地居民的生活水平。在此背景下,专家指出,在地方经济发展的反危机工具中,可以对战时领土社区的经济现代化产生积极影响:融资租赁、外包、工业园区、地方经济发展机构、投资吸引中心、企业孵化器、合作社、集群、社会创业等。文章重点分析了融资租赁、外包、产业园区等城市经济发展工具的特点,即它们在现代条件下的监管支持和优势,并给出了它们在乌克兰和国外的实际应用实例。结论是,地方自治机构在战争条件下面临的主要挑战是:保持(或恢复)领土社区的经济发展速度;促进本地商业活动,确保居民的适当生活水平;为社区领土上的国内流离失所者提供住宿、经济支助和建立联系;搬迁后的企业对社区的参与;将国内流离失所者和重新安置的企业纳入经济的公用事业部门等等。同时,要强调的是,地方经济发展不能建立在根据情况作出某些决定的基础上,而应成为领土社区发展的总体战略规划系统的一个组成部分。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
ORGANIZATIONAL AND LEGAL PROVISION OF LOCAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN THE CONDITIONS OF WAR IN UKRAINE
The article defines the peculiarities of organizational and legal provision of local economic development in Ukraine under martial law. In particular, it is indicated that in the modern conditions of russian armed aggression, when territorial communities are constantly working to solve the problems of their livelihood, it is crucially important to mobilize efforts and reorient communities to activities related to the activation of local economic development. At the same time, local economic development is defined as a process of interaction between local self-government bodies, business structures, civil society institutions and active members of the territorial community, aimed at ensuring the effective functioning of the communal sector of the economy and raising the standard of living of local residents. In this context, it is stated that among the anti-crisis tools of local economic development, which can have a positive effect on the modernization of the economy in territorial communities in wartime conditions, specialists single out: financial leasing, outsourcing, industrial parks, local economic development agencies, investment attraction centers, business incubators, cooperatives, clusters, social entrepreneurship, and others. The article focuses on the characteristics of such tools of municipal economic development as financial leasing, outsourcing, and industrial parks, namely, their regulatory support and advantages in modern conditions are analyzed, and examples of their practical application in Ukraine and abroad are given. It is concluded that the main challenges of local self-government bodies in the conditions of war are: preserving (or restoring) the pace of economic development of the territorial community; stimulating the activity of local businesses and ensuring the proper standard of living of the population; accommodation, economic support and establishment of communication with internally displaced persons on the territory of the community; involvement of the relocated business in the community; integration of internally displaced persons and relocated businesses into the utility sector of the economy, etc. At the same time, it is emphasized that local economic development cannot be based on the situational adoption of certain decisions, but should be a component of the general system of strategic planning for the development of the territorial community.
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