Real-Time Control with MPPT Method (P&O) and PI Regulation of a PV system using the Arduino-Uno Card

Photovoltaic solar energy is electrical energy produced from solar radiation through panels or photovoltaic cells. The photovoltaic cell is the basic electronic component of the system. It uses the photoelectric effect to convert the electromagnetic waves (radiation) emitted by the Sun into electricity. Several interconnected cells from a solar panel and the electrical energy are consumed or stored on-site, which is transported by the electric transmission network. A system of photovoltaic panels connected to an electrical network is ensured by the use of an electrical conversion chain to generate the energy under the best conditions (reliable conditions). In this paper, we present practical work on the real-time regulation of a photovoltaic system by the Arduino-Uno microcontroller board using two control techniques: MPPT control based on the P & O method and control by Classic PI.