Prevalencia de bacterias aisladas con resistencia antibiótica extendida en los cultivos de orina durante 8 años en un hospital de segundo nivel en México

Introduction

Urinary tract infections caused by organisms that are extensively drug-resistant has become an important and difficult-to-manage health problem that requires our attention, given its notable increase in recent years. Urinary tract infections are the most frequent group of bacterial infections, with Escherichia coli continuing to be the most common causative agent, and they have very significant economic implications. Urinary tract infections are the third cause of notifiable disease in Mexico and there is very little information on extensively drug-resistant bacteria.

Aim

The aim of this study was to provide evidence on the current situation of extensively drug-resistant bacteria in urine cultures in our region.

Materials and methods

A retrospective study was conducted on urine cultures from 2007 to the first quarter of 2015. A statistical analysis of the information was carried out utilizing circle and dispersion graphs.

Results

From the database, we filtered 8,164 urine cultures by complete resistance results in the antibiogram and found 44 extensively drug-resistant bacteria (0.53%). The most frequent was Pseudomonas aeruginosa in 38 cases (86.36% of the drug-resistant bacteria), followed by Acinetobacter baumannii in 3 cases (6.81%). The information was filtered by year and we found that the presence of these types of super bacteria has increased in the urinary tract over the last few years.

Conclusion

Extensively drug-resistant bacteria are a serious health problem and it is necessary to know their epidemiology in our region. Their alarming increase in recent years, most likely due to inadequate antibiotic use, makes it essential for us to be aware of the therapeutic options with which we can control these bacteria, as well as highlighting the need for new antibiotics.