Security-constrained dispatch with controllable loads for integrating stochastic wind energy

This paper presents a bi-level consumer-utility optimization model to schedule an energy consumption pattern of controllable loads in the face of a time varying price function depending on system conditions and market operations. The controllable loads are classified into three types based on their natures and operating characteristics for an upper-level consumer's problem. To formulate the stochastic wind generators, a security-constrained optimal power flow (SCOPF) model is proposed for a lower-level utility's problem to consider various wind power scenarios. We then convert the bi-level model into a single-level of mathematical program with equilibrium constraints' (MPECs) problem to obtain the optimal load scheduling results. Finally, a simple case study is conducted to demonstrate the feasibility of the method.