Taggert G. Butterfield, Félix García-Caballero, Abel Domínguez-Pompa, R. Macip-Ríos
{"title":"墨西哥索诺拉州东南部塞拉箱龟(Terrapene nelsoni klauberi)的自然历史初探","authors":"Taggert G. Butterfield, Félix García-Caballero, Abel Domínguez-Pompa, R. Macip-Ríos","doi":"10.2744/CCB-1456.1","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The Sierra Box Turtle, Terrapene nelsoni, comprises 2 recognized subspecies that are distributed across the Sierra Madre Occidental mountain chain in western Mexico and little is known about their natural history. We present new information on the natural history of Terrapene nelsoni klauberi. Our study area was the Monte Mojino reserve located within the larger Sierra de Alamos–Río Cuchujaqui federal protected area in southeastern Sonora. We located 49 individuals in 3 different vegetation types: 4 were found at 600 m above sea level (masl) in the tropical dry forest, 4 at 1000 masl in grassy oak (Quercus spp.) savannah, and 41 at 1300 masl in pine(Pinus spp.)–oak forest. Seven turtles were monitored using radiotelemetry and have the average home range size of 1.7 ha. The areas we sampled appear to consist of mainly adults and the sex ratio is female-biased (1♂:1.5♀). Cloacal temperatures of active turtles and their immediate surroundings suggest that T. n. klauberi actively maintain their body temperature above the surrounding temperatures. Males also have higher average body temperatures than females (29.58°C ± 2.26°C vs. 27.35°C ± 2.71°C). We found no significant patterns of sexual dimorphism in carapace length (i.e., sexual size dimorphism) but did find sexual dimorphism in head size. We also found that 44% of males and 22% of females had severe damage to their marginal scutes, possibly from a local predator or from enduring bites over time from other turtles. Lastly, we observed T. n. klauberi foraging on beetles, mushrooms, grass, and wildflowers. These findings provide a first insight into the natural history of T. n. klauberi and how this species is distributed across different elevations and vegetation types. This information provides a starting point to assess the conservation status of this species. However, this species remains unstudied throughout the rest of its geographic range.","PeriodicalId":126915,"journal":{"name":"Chelonian Conservation and Biology: Celebrating 25 Years as the World's Turtle and Tortoise Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2021-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"A First Look into the Natural History of the Sierra Box Turtle (Terrapene nelsoni klauberi) in Southeast Sonora, Mexico\",\"authors\":\"Taggert G. Butterfield, Félix García-Caballero, Abel Domínguez-Pompa, R. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
摘要塞拉箱龟,Terrapene nelsoni,由两个公认的亚种组成,分布在墨西哥西部的马德雷西部山脉,对它们的自然历史知之甚少。我们提出了新的资料,在自然历史的Terrapene nelsoni klauberi。我们的研究区域是位于索诺拉东南部较大的Sierra de Alamos-Río Cuchujaqui联邦保护区内的Monte Mojino保护区。在3种不同的植被类型中,分别在海拔600 m (masl)的热带干燥林中发现了4个个体,在海拔1000 m (Quercus spp.)的草原中发现了4个个体,在海拔1300 m (Pinus spp.)的松林中发现了41个个体。利用无线电遥测技术监测了7只海龟,它们的平均活动范围为1.7公顷。我们取样的区域似乎主要由成人组成,性别比例偏向于雌性(1公:1.5♀)。活跃的海龟及其周围环境的粪腔温度表明,T. n. klauberi积极地保持其体温高于周围温度。男性的平均体温也高于女性(29.58°C±2.26°C vs. 27.35°C±2.71°C)。我们在甲壳长度(即性别大小)上没有发现明显的性别二态性模式,但在头部大小上确实发现了性别二态性。我们还发现,44%的雄性和22%的雌性海龟的边缘鳞片严重受损,可能是来自当地的捕食者,也可能是长期被其他海龟咬伤。最后,我们观察到了klauberi对甲虫、蘑菇、草和野花的觅食。这些发现为了解T. n. klauberi的自然历史以及该物种如何在不同海拔和植被类型中分布提供了第一个视角。这些信息为评估该物种的保护状况提供了一个起点。然而,该物种在其地理分布范围的其余部分仍未被研究。
A First Look into the Natural History of the Sierra Box Turtle (Terrapene nelsoni klauberi) in Southeast Sonora, Mexico
Abstract. The Sierra Box Turtle, Terrapene nelsoni, comprises 2 recognized subspecies that are distributed across the Sierra Madre Occidental mountain chain in western Mexico and little is known about their natural history. We present new information on the natural history of Terrapene nelsoni klauberi. Our study area was the Monte Mojino reserve located within the larger Sierra de Alamos–Río Cuchujaqui federal protected area in southeastern Sonora. We located 49 individuals in 3 different vegetation types: 4 were found at 600 m above sea level (masl) in the tropical dry forest, 4 at 1000 masl in grassy oak (Quercus spp.) savannah, and 41 at 1300 masl in pine(Pinus spp.)–oak forest. Seven turtles were monitored using radiotelemetry and have the average home range size of 1.7 ha. The areas we sampled appear to consist of mainly adults and the sex ratio is female-biased (1♂:1.5♀). Cloacal temperatures of active turtles and their immediate surroundings suggest that T. n. klauberi actively maintain their body temperature above the surrounding temperatures. Males also have higher average body temperatures than females (29.58°C ± 2.26°C vs. 27.35°C ± 2.71°C). We found no significant patterns of sexual dimorphism in carapace length (i.e., sexual size dimorphism) but did find sexual dimorphism in head size. We also found that 44% of males and 22% of females had severe damage to their marginal scutes, possibly from a local predator or from enduring bites over time from other turtles. Lastly, we observed T. n. klauberi foraging on beetles, mushrooms, grass, and wildflowers. These findings provide a first insight into the natural history of T. n. klauberi and how this species is distributed across different elevations and vegetation types. This information provides a starting point to assess the conservation status of this species. However, this species remains unstudied throughout the rest of its geographic range.