Prevalence and risk factors of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder among college students in Changsha

Objective To explore the prevalence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and its associated factors among college students in Changsha, so as to provide evidence of for effecive intervention of ADHD. Methods A total of 8 080 students from two universities in Changsha were investigated with self-designed general situation questionnaire, Chinese version of Wende Utah adult rating scale for ADHD, World Health Organization (WHO) Adult ADHD Scale (ASRS) and Chinese Internet Scale (CIAS-R). Results The self-report rate of ADHD was 7.2%. Single factor analysis showed that the incidence of ADHD in gender, physical and mental illness history, family history of mental illness, relationship with parents, smoking, drinking and Internet access were statistically significont ( χ 2 = 17.68, 22.25, 43.15, 20.73, 18.61, 43.05, 22.81, 53.55, 719.65, P <0.05). Multivariate Logistic analysis showed that the younger the age, mental illness, drinking, the higher the degree of Internet dependence were positively correlated with ADHD, while gender (female) and harmony with father were negatively correlated with ADHD. Conclusion ADHD in college students can’t be ignored. There are many influencing factors, suffering from mental illness, drinking and Internet addiction. 【摘要】 目的 了解长沙市大学生注意缺陷多动障碍 (attention deficit bperactivit), disorder, ADHD)的现况, 为有效干预 ADHD提供参考。 方法 采用整群抽样的方法, 对长沙市2所大学共8 080名学生采用自编一般情况问卷、中文版文德犹 他ADHD成人评定量表、世界卫生组织 (WHO)成人ADHD自评量表vl.l症状自评量表和中文网络成瘾量表 (CIAS-R)进 行问卷调查, 对筛查结果进行统计。 结果 大学生ADHD检出率为7.2%。单因素分析显示, ADHD的发生在性别、躯体以 及精神疾病史、精神疾病家族史、与母亲/父亲关系、吸烟、饮酒和网络成瘾等方面差异均有统计学意义 ( χ 2 值分别为17.68, 22.25,43.15,20.73, 18.61, 43.05,22.81, 53.55,719.65, P 值均<0.05)。 多因素 Logistic 回归分析显示, 年龄小、精神疾病史、 饮酒频繁、网络成瘾与ADHD发生均呈正相关, 而性别 (女性) 和与父亲相处和睦与大学生ADHD发生呈负相关 ( P 值均< 0.05)。 结论 大学生中ADHD不容忽视, 发生的影响因素较多, 与罹患过精神类疾病、饮酒和网络成瘾行为相关, 可采取 多种措施开展针对性的干预。