Evaluation de la gestion des déchets solides hospitaliers: cas de l’hôpital Jamôt de Yaoundé et de l’hôpital de district de Biyem-Assi

ResumeL’objectif general de cet etude est d’ameliorer la gestion des dechets solides au sein de l’Hopital de district de Biyem-Assi et a l’hopital Jamot de Yaounde. La demarche methodologique menee de juillet 2012 a septembre 2013e adoptee, a consiste a des entretiens et des observations directes et l’administration des questionnaires semi-structures. Cette methodologie a permis de realiser l’etude en trois phases la recherche documentaire, la collecte et le traitement des donnees:Les resultats obtenus font ressortir deux grandes categories de dechets : les dechets assimilables aux ordures menageres (DAOM); les dechets d’activites de soins a risques (DASRI), 24,46 % est assimilable aux (DAOM) et 75,54 % (DASRI) a l’Hopital Jamot de Yaounde. Tandis qu’a l’Hopital de District de Biyem-Assi 86,23 % est assimilable aux (DAOM) et 13,77 % (DASRI). Par contre l’appreciation de l’efficacite du systeme de gestion des dechets solides revele qu’a l’HJY apres des interviews demontre que le systeme est mauvais: tandis qu’a l’HDB, le systeme est plus pris en charge par le personnel. Au vu des observations et constats faites, une amelioration du systeme de gestion des dechets solides et l’accroissement de la sensibilisation du personnel et des usagers sur les modes de gestion des dechets solides s’imposent. AbstractThe general objective of this study is to improve the management of the solid waste within Biyem-AssiDistrict Hospital and the Jamot Hospital , Yaounde.The work was carried out from July 2012 to September 2013,and consisted to interviews and the direct observations and the administration of semi-structured questionnaires. This methodology permitted us to achieve the survey in three phases: the documentary research, the collection and the treatment of the data:The results obtained revealed two big categories of garbage taken out again: the garbage assimilated to the household waste (HhW); hospital waste (HoW). About 24, 46 % was assimilated to (HhW) and 75, 54 % (HoW) in the Yaounde Jamot Hospital. While to the hospital of District of Biyem-Assi 86, 23 % is assimilated to them (HhW) and 13, 77% (DHoW). On the other hand the appreciation of the efficiency of the system of management of the solid waste reveals that to the HJY after interviews demonstrates that the system is bad: while to the HDB, the system is taken more in charge by the staff. Within sight of the observations and reports made, an improvement of the system of management of the strong garbage and the growth of the sensitization of the staff and users on the fashions of management of the strong garbage impose themselves.