未来GNSS光学卫星间链路的实验室表征

J. Surof, J. Poliak, R. M. Calvo, Mathias Richerzhagen, R. Wolf, Tobias D. Schmidt
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引用次数: 7

摘要

在开普勒星座中提出了星间光链路,用于连接全球导航卫星系统(GNNS)星座中的卫星,实现光学测距、时间传输和数据传输。正在开发一个实验室演示器来验证这三个方面。该演示器由两个终端组成,在实验室中执行双向自由空间光链路,在两个站点的接收器中使用单模光纤耦合。光力学是基于商用现货(COTS)组件。光终端包括一个点前组件,补偿两个连接卫星之间的点前角(PAA)。在实验室条件下,PAA的缺失允许该反射镜用于指向抖动仿真,即模拟预期的卫星平台角振动。测距是通过使用25.55 Gc/s的二进制相移键控(BPSK)相位调制的光载波来实现的。这种高调制速率允许100 μ m量级的测距精度。数据通信信道以50 Mb/s的速率复用到测距信号,并允许交换卫星和定时信息。将光载波和扩频序列同步到板上基准,并为序列发生器现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)生成一个参考时钟输入。因此,通过数据通信信道交换的信息和精确测距用于支持链接卫星之间高精度的双向时间传输。本文的目的是介绍光学终端的硬件发展,这将演示距离测量和通信。主要终端组件的第一个特征显示,即基于FPGA的用于测距和数据传输的实时数字信号处理(DSP)系统和用于锁定和跟踪传入光载波的光锁相环(OPLL)。此外,本文还分析了静差测距估计对光学组件和其他主要部件频率稳定性的影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Laboratory Characterization of Optical Inter-satellite Links for Future GNSS
Optical inter-satellite links are proposed in the Kepler constellation to connect satellites in a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNNS) constellation for optical ranging, time transfer and data transmission [1]. A laboratory demonstrator is being developed to verify all three aspects. The demonstrator is constituted by two terminals, performing a bidirectional free-space optical link in the laboratory, with single-mode fiber coupling in the receivers at both sites. The optomechanics is based on commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) components. The optical terminal includes a point-ahead assembly, which compensates for the point-ahead angle (PAA) between the two linked satellites. The absence of the PAA under laboratory conditions allows this mirror to be used for pointing jitter emulation instead, i.e. to emulate the expected satellite platform angular vibrations. The ranging is performed by using a 25.55 Gc/s binary phase shift keying (BPSK) phase modulation of the optical carrier. This high modulationrate allows ranging accuracy in the order of 100 µm. The data-communication channel is multiplexed to the ranging signal at a rate of 50 Mb/s and allows exchanging satellite and timing information. Both the optical carrier and the spreading sequence are synchronized to the on-board reference and a reference clock input for the sequence generator Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) is generated. Thus, the information exchanged though the data communication channel and precise ranging are used to support highly accurate two-way time transfer between the linked satellites. The objective of this paper is to present the hardware developments of optical terminals, which will demonstrate range measurements and communications. The first characterizations of the main terminal components are shown, namely the real-time Digital Signal Processing (DSP) system based on FPGA for ranging and data transfer and the optical phase-locked-loop (OPLL) for locking and tracking the incoming optical carrier. Further, static homodyne ranging estimation is evaluated and the impact on the frequency stability of the optical assembly and other main components is shown.
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