Approach of linear phase differentiators and integrators

In this paper, we describe wide-band differentiators and integrators the method of bilinear transformations which exhibit almost linear phases in the pass-band region. Formulations are employed to represent discrete-time infinite impulse response (IIR) processes of first-order differentiator and integrator. These formulations allow them to be eligible for wide-band applications. The new differentiator and integrator is approximately the linear phase. The maximum error of the new differentiator and is 9.5° occurring at 0.55 of the normalized frequency, and the maximum error of the new integrator is 9.5° occurring at 0.55 of the normalized frequency.