乌克兰亚速海-黑海地区雁科动物越冬现状

Y. Andryushchenko, V. S. Gavrilenko, V. Kostiushyn, V. N. Kucherenko, A. S. Mezinov, Z. O. Petrovich, K. Redinov, I. Rusev, M. V. Yakovlev
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引用次数: 3

摘要

本文分析了作者本人1900-2017年对乌克兰亚速海-黑海地区雁科动物越冬的实地资料和科学出版物,但主要数据是在2005-2017年国际中冬计数(IWC)框架下获得的。结果表明,该地区雁科动物在不同季节有9种:雁科动物筑巢、越冬和迁徙;红豆沙蚤、白斑沙蚤、红斑沙蚤、蚕豆沙蚤-迁徙和越冬;加拿大布兰塔(Branta canadensis)、白斑布兰塔(Branta leucopsis)、白斑布兰塔(Branta bernicla)、陈绿布兰(Chen caerulescens)——从圈养(动物园等)中飞出来的流浪或鸟类。黄杨-可能是流浪种。数量最多的越冬物种是a . albirons,常见的- Rufibrenta ruficollis,数量不多- Anser Anser,其他物种每年都不见面,数量很少。在计数期间,乌克兰亚速海-黑海地区的越冬鹅数量几乎下降了十倍。鹅数量减少的主要原因是:天气和气候条件、饲料可达性的变化、狩猎和偷猎压力、农田灭鼠造成的中毒以及2014年以来叙瓦什地区的军事化和克里米亚半岛北克里米亚海峡的停水。上述因素可能导致了雁科动物越冬区域的迁移,导致该地区雁科动物数量的减少。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Current Status of Anserinae Wintering in Azov-Black Sea Region of Ukraine
Abstract In the article is analyzed own field data of the authors and scientific publications on the wintering of Anserinae in the Azov-Black Sea region of Ukraine in 1900–2017, but the main data was obtained in frame of international mid-winter counts (IWC) in 2005–2017. It was found that 9 species of Anserinae occur in this region during the different seasons of the year: Anser anser — nesting, wintering and migrating; Rufibrenta ruficollis, A. albifrons, A. erythropus, A. fabalis — migrating and wintering; Branta canadensis, Branta leucopsis, Branta bernicla, Chen caerulescens — vagrant or birds which flew away from captivity (zoo etc.). Eulabeia indica — is possible vagrant species. The most numerous wintering species is A. albifrons, common — Rufibrenta ruficollis, not numerous — Anser anser, the other species are not met annually and registered in a very small number. There was almost tenfold drop in number of wintering geese in the Azov-Black Sea region of Ukraine during the period of counts. The main reasons of such reducing of geese amount are the followwing: weather and climate conditions, changes in the forage acessibility, hunting and poaching pressure, poisoning as a result of deratization of agricultural lands, and from 2014 — the militarization of the Syvash area and stop of water supplying of Crimea through the North Crimean channell. It is likely that the factors mentioned above led to relocating of wintering areas of Anserinae, and resulted in decreasing of their amount in this region.
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