细菌群中单层向多层转变的动力学

Iago Grobas, Munehiro Asally, M. Polin
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引用次数: 1

摘要

高密度的湿自航杆可以表现出一种中尺度湍流状态:具有混沌动力学和特征长度尺度的无序涡晶格。这种状态通常用二维连续体模型来研究。然而,人们对三维或准二维自走杆的动态行为知之甚少,这可以在生物系统中发现,例如,在细菌聚集体和生物膜的形成过程中。在这项研究中,我们利用棒状枯草芽孢杆菌作为模型系统,描述了在单层群细胞中多层岛屿的形成。我们专注于细菌如何形成多层以及压力的存在如何影响多层的形成。在我们之前的研究中,我们报道了多层形成的开始可以通过运动诱导相分离(MIPS)的框架来解释,本研究分析了这种相分离是如何受到压力的影响的,特别是在暴露于抗生素梯度下。分析表明,在抗生素梯度存在的情况下,多层的形成是通过明确定义的多层簇的成核和生长而发生的,而不是由多层的不受控制的出现,类似于传统的双节分解和单节分解的热力学过程。最后,多层结构为细菌波提供了位置,细菌波可以向高浓度的抗生素传播,类似于通过模拟被动和主动颗粒的混合物预测的行波。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The dynamics of single-to-multi layer transition in bacterial swarms
Wet self-propelled rods at high densities can exhibit a state of mesoscale turbulence: a disordered lattice of vortices with chaotic dynamics and a characteristic length scale. Such a state is commonly studied by a two-dimensional continuum model. However, less is known about the dynamic behaviour of self-propelled rods in three- or quasi-two- dimensions, which can be found in biological systems, for example, during the formation of bacterial aggregates and biofilms. In this study, we characterised the formation of multi-layered islands in a monolayer of swarming cells using the rod-shaped bacteria B. subtilis as a model system. We focused on how bacteria form multiple layers and how the presence of stress affects the multiple layer formation. Following our previous study where we reported that the initiation of the multilayer formation can be accounted by the framework of motility-induced phase separation (MIPS), this study analysed how this phase separation is impacted by the presence of stress, specifically under the exposure to a gradient of antibiotic. The analyses show that in the presence of an antibiotic gradient, the multi-layer formation happens by a nucleation and growth of well-defined multilayered clusters instead of by the uncontrolled emergence of the multilayer, resembling the traditional thermodynamic processes of binodal and spinodal decomposition respectively. Finally, the multilayer gives place to waves of bacteria that can travel towards high concentrations of antibiotics and that resemble travelling waves predicted by simulations of mixtures of passive and active particles.
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