第六章:热液金矿化的力学机制

T. Blenkinsop, J. Rowland, T. Baker
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引用次数: 2

摘要

孔隙流体压力和差应力是矿化系统力学行为的重要控制因素。它们各自的影响可以很容易地在破坏模式图上识别出来,这些图显示了孔隙流体因素的破坏包络,或孔隙流体在破坏时的压力,对不同的应力。中间主应力的影响可以通过使用包含所有三个主应力的破坏准则(如Griffith准则的Murrell扩展)在这样的图上显示出来。从破坏包络线位置随三个主应力之比的显著变化可以明显看出,这是对破坏的另一个重要控制。不同类型金矿的特征状态在破坏模式图上表现为不同的场。卡林型、浅成热液型和火山成因块状硫化物矿床类型的绝对孔隙流体压力较低。氧化铁铜金、侵入相关金、斑岩型矿床属低至中等孔隙流体压力范围,而矿脉型金矿可扩展至最高孔隙流体压力范围。脉金、IOCG和浅成热液矿床类型的差应力值可能最大。卡林型和VMS型矿床与正常应力状态有关,其他类型的矿床可能具有在正常或反向应力状态下形成的结构。探索应力比的影响,完善这些目前广泛定义的矿化机制,是未来重要的研究方向。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Chapter 6: Mechanical Regimes of Hydrothermal Gold Mineralization
Pore fluid pressure and differential stress are among the most important controls on the mechanical behavior of mineralizing systems. Their separate influences can be readily identified on failure mode diagrams, which show failure envelopes for pore fluid factor, or pore fluid pressure at failure, against differential stress. The effect of the intermediate principal stress can be shown on such diagrams by using a failure criterion that includes all three principal stresses, such as the Murrell extension to the Griffith criterion. The effect is apparent from the significant variation of the position of the failure envelope as a function of the ratio between the three principal stresses, which is therefore another important control on failure. Characteristic regimes for different gold deposit types occur as distinctive fields on failure mode diagrams. Carlin, Epithermal and Volcanogenic Massive Sulfide deposit types have low absolute pore fluid pressures. Iron Oxide Copper Gold, Intrusion Related Gold and Porphyry deposits encompass low to intermediate values of pore fluid pressure, while the field of Lode Gold deposits may extend to the highest pore fluid pressures. Lode Gold, IOCG and Epithermal deposit types may have the largest values of differential stress. Carlin and VMS deposits are associated with normal stress regimes: the other deposit types may have structures that that formed in either normal or reverse stress regimes. Exploring the effects of the stress ratio, and refining these currently broadly-defined regimes for the mechanics of mineralization, are important future directions for research.
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