通过信誉防止区块链中的垃圾交易传播

Jiarui Zhang, Y. Cheng, Xiaotie Deng, Bo Wang, Jan Xie, Yuanyuan Yang, Mengqian Zhang
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引用次数: 3

摘要

作为P2P网络中发展最快的应用之一,区块链技术的发展伴随着各种各样的攻击。其中包括洗白、搭便车和分布式拒绝服务(DDoS)攻击,特别是由于区块链网络中的匿名、分布式、无权限等特性。其中最受欢迎的是垃圾邮件交易。尽管区块链协议要求每个节点验证所有接收到的交易,但许多节点选择转发交易而不进行验证以节省计算能力,因为这种逃避行为不会受到惩罚。它使区块链容易受到垃圾交易在网络上传播的影响,并为网络中的所有节点带来额外的负担。我们为区块链系统提出了一种声誉机制来解决这个问题:每个节点将在本地计算其邻居的声誉,并根据交易发送方的声誉值决定验证接收到的交易的概率。反过来,它的邻国将有动力进行核查,以保持它的高声誉。随后,垃圾交易可以在到达矿工之前被阻止。我们进行了一系列的模拟,清楚地证明了我们的信誉机制的优势。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Preventing Spread of Spam Transactions in Blockchain by Reputation
As one of the fastest-growing applications in the Peer-to-Peer (P2P) network, the development of blockchain technology is accompanied by different attacks. Those include whitewashing, free-riding, and distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks, particularly because of features such as anonymity, distributed, permissionless in the blockchain network. One popular of them is spam transactions. Although the blockchain protocol requires each node to verify all received transactions, many nodes choose to forward transactions without verification to conserve their computational power, as there is no punishment for such a shirking. And it makes the blockchain vulnerable to the spreading of spam transactions over the network and creates extra burdens for all nodes in the network. We propose a reputation mechanism for the blockchain system to tackle this problem: Each node will locally compute reputations of its neighbors, and decide the probability to verify a received transaction based on the reputation value of the transaction sender. In turn, its neighbors will have an incentive to conduct verification to keep its reputation high. Subsequently, spam transactions can be blocked before reaching the miners. We have conducted a series of simulations, which clearly demonstrate the advantage of our reputation mechanism.
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