Patterns of Admission and Clinical Outcomes among Patients admitted into the Intensive Care Unit at Babcock University Teaching Hospital: A 5- Year Review

Introduction: The intensive care unit (ICU) is a health care delivery service for patients who are in critical condition with potentially recoverable diseases. This study was aimed to determine the admission patterns, clinical outcomes among patients admitted in the intensive care unit (ICU). Methods: A retrospective review of all patients admitted into the ICU at Babcock University Teaching Hospital (BUTH) from 2016 to 2021. Data was collected from individual patient case notes and the ICU admission and discharge registers. Results: A total of 137 patients were included in this study, consisting of 78 (57.4%) males and 58 (42.6%) females. Ages ranged from 4 to 90 years with a mean age of 47.60 ± 19.52 years. The most common cases admitted were general surgery patients of which there were 58 (42.6%). Neurological cases were however the major causes of death (6.6%), followed by sepsis (4.4%) and respiratory diseases (4.4%).The overall mortality rate of the ICU was 27.2%. Deceased patients spent longer days in ICU (5.73 days) as compared to patients who were discharged. Conclusions: The overall mortality was considerably high and general surgery and neurological cases were the most common causes of admission in ICU and mortality respectively.