现代乌克兰议会政党的意识形态范式

Н. P. Shchedrova
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摘要

意识形态是任何社会政治过程的组成部分。不同价值和愿望的总和可能既对应于“纯粹”类型的意识形态,也对应于吸收了与当前历史时代相关的指导方针的综合形式。强烈的意识形态信息能够巩固社会,使其铁板一块。另一方面,在同等效力水平下,意识形态上占主导地位的一方通常无法影响政治精英,尽管这是政治领导阶级类型学的标准之一。国内研究者O. Demina指出,意识形态的另一种价值是能够发展目标和理想,使个人能够将自己视为一个共同体,在人们的世界观和主体间规范性规则之间建立联系,并确定社会成员的心态和行为标准之间的关系。因此,意识形态作为对政治生活的概念性表述、相关思想和观点的系统,其价值是正当的和可证明的,在科学研究中不会失去优先地位。政党的意识形态成分作为政治学的一个分析课题,在国内政治学研究中一直处于领先地位。与此同时,乌克兰各政党的特点往往强调缺乏稳定的意识形态,因为其基本特征往往是多种多样的,由不同的意识形态政治趋势的迹象补充和取代。然而,这并没有影响乌克兰科学研究的强度,其重点是研究政治意识形态的原则(N. Gedikova, F. kyylyuk, G. Kuts, M. Yakovlev),意识形态在社会中的作用(V. Gorbatenko, O. Demina, O. Krasnokutsky, O. Makarenko),乌克兰意识形态趋势的形成和发展(V. Karlova, M. Mykhalchenko, O. Postol, O. Shulga),特别是在党的建设背景下(A. Kolodiy, V. Kornienko,O. Matieshyn, M. Prymush, O. Sytnyk, G. Shypunov)等。乌克兰目前的国家形成阶段的标志是2019年乌克兰总统和乌克兰人民代表举行了丰富而前所未有的选举。竞选活动再次实现了这一点
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
THE IDEOLOGICAL PARADIGM OF PARLIAMENTARY PARTIES IN MODERN UKRAINE
INTRODUCTION Ideology is an integral part of any socio-political processes. The totality of different values and aspirations may correspond to both the «pure» type of ideologies and the synthesized form that has absorbed guidelines relevant to current historical era. A strong ideological message is able to consolidate society, make it monolithic. On the other hand, with the same level of effectiveness, the ideologically dominant one, as a rule, is not able to influence the political elite, although it is one of the criteria of the typology of the leading political class. Another value of ideology, which the domestic researcher O. Demina points to, is the ability to develop goals and ideals that allow individuals to identify themselves as a community, to establish a connection between people's worldviews and the rules of intersubjective normativity, as well as to determine the relationship between mentality and the behavior standards of society members. Thus, the value of ideology as a system of conceptually formulated presentations, relevant ideas and views on political life is justified and probative, without losing priority in scientific researches. The ideological component of political parties in political science, as a subject of analysis, has always occupied one of the leading places, in particular, in domestic political science. At the same time, the characteristics of the Ukrainian political parties often emphasized the absence of a stable ideology, since its basic features were often varied, supplemented and replaced by signs of different ideological political trends. However, this did not affect the intensity of the scientific search in Ukraine, which focused on the study of such aspects as the principles of political ideologies (N. Gedikova, F. Kyrylyuk, G. Kuts, M. Yakovlev), the role of ideology in society (V. Gorbatenko, O. Demina, O. Krasnokutsky, O. Makarenko), formation and development of ideological trends in Ukraine (V. Karlova, M. Mykhalchenko, O. Postol, O. Shulga), in particular, in the context of party building (A. Kolodiy, V. Kornienko, O. Matieshyn, M. Prymush, O. Sytnyk, G. Shypunov) and others. The current stage of state formation in Ukraine was marked by the rich and unprecedented elections of the President of Ukraine and the People's Deputies of Ukraine in 2019. The electoral campaign again actualized such
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