形成国家语言作为法律语言的格局

R.A. Tokatov, G. Ilyassova
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摘要

本文讨论了法律文本在我国俄语官方语言中发展和采用后,翻译成国家语言的后果。作者相信,提高国家语言的地位是至关重要的,是维护国家主权稳定的原则之一。众所周知,在执法实践中,在法律文本中将俄文译文不正确的条款翻译成哈萨克文时出现了困难。以《哈萨克斯坦共和国民法典》(总则)、《哈萨克斯坦共和国民法典》(专则)、《哈萨克斯坦共和国企业法》、《哈萨克斯坦共和国慈善法》俄文和哈萨克文文本为例,指出了一些不符合真实性原则的错误译文,并在法律文本中提供了正确的国文译文。分析认为,造成翻译错误的原因是立法过程中不符合法律技术的要求,包括法律语言学对法律术语翻译的要求。作者通过分析从卡扎克语法律文本中发现的错误翻译,提出了国家语言作为法律语言形成的法律机制。综上所述,只有建立这样一种法律规制机制,才能解决国家语言作为法律语言的形成问题。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Formation of the state language as the language of the law
The article discusses the consequences of translating the text of laws into the state language after their devel- opment and adoption in the official Russian language in our country. The authors are convinced that raising the status of the state language is of paramount importance, acting as one of the principles that give stability to the sovereignty of the state. As is known, in law enforcement practice, difficulties arise in the application of incorrectly translated articles from Russian into Kazakh in the text of laws. As an example, the authors have identified some incorrect translations that do not correspond to the principle of authenticity in the texts of the Civil Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan (general part), the Civil Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan (special part), the Entrepreneurial Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the Law of the Republic of Kazakh- stan “On Charity” in Russian and Kazakh, and offer correct translations in the state language in the texts of laws. It is concluded that the reason for the incorrect translations is the non-compliance in the legislative pro- cess with the requirements of legal technology, including the requirements of legal linguistics for the transla- tion of legal terminology. The authors propose legal mechanisms for the formation of the state language as the language of the law, by analyzing the identified erroneous translations from the texts of laws in the Ka- zakh language. In conclusion, the necessity of solving the issue of the formation of the state language as the language of the law is justified only by establishing such a mechanism of legal regulation.
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