Territorial Differentiation of the Population Demographic Structure of Siberian Regions

The purpose of the work is to identify the features and factors of the formation of territorial differentiation of demographic structures of the population of the Siberian macroregion. The article analyzes the dynamics of the total population in the regions of Siberia over a twenty-year period. The author presents absolute and relative indicators of population growth and decline in the regional context. Significant territorial disparities in the number and proportions of three population groups were revealed: younger than working age, able-bodied and older than working age in the context of regions. The author constructed and analyzed the features of regional sex and age pyramids. The factors of territorial differentiation of demographic structures were general socio-demographic processes characteristic of Russian society as a whole, and regional demographic features: the migration attractiveness of regions with extractive industries, the aging of the population as a result of natural and migration decline, higher birth rates in the national republics of Siberia. The paper identifies and maps three main types of demographic structures of the population: progressive, stationary, regressive. It has been established that in the Siberian macroregion, over a twenty-year period, the progressive type of age structure in terms of working capacity has been replaced by a stationary type. The study focuses on the fact that in the general population structure in territories with a progressive type of demographic structure in 2021, 20 % of the population lived, with a stationary type of 35 %, with a regressive type of 45 % of the inhabitants of Siberia. Thus, the structure of the population of Siberia in terms of working capacity is more favorable in terms of the development of socio-demographic and economic potential than the average in Russia, where 7 % of the total population structure of residents live in territories with a progressive type of demographic structure.