痔疮和生活质量:“…两件不相容的事”?

M. V. Abritsova, A. M. Bogomazov, E. B. Golovko, E. Zagriadskiǐ
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引用次数: 1

摘要

痔疮是人类最常见的疾病之一。根据2017年的最新数据,俄罗斯每10万人中痔疮的患病率为成人410,3例,15至17岁儿童26.7例,14岁以下儿童4,0例。生活质量(Quality of life, QoL)是一个重要的非特异性主观幸福感参数,代表了患者的身体、心理、社会和情感状态的综合特征。尽管痔疮的发病率很高,现代手术治疗方法也多种多样,但很少有研究针对这类患者的生活质量。患者和肛肠科医生对HD的认知存在显著差异,这可能会导致手术治疗指征的增多。了解HD对社会生活的影响以及特定患者健康的概念可以帮助医生在痔疮治疗中选择保守方法还是手术方法。另一方面,由于我国人过于害羞和心态,HD患者容易适应疾病,导致就医较晚,保守治疗和微创手术效果不佳。本文综述了俄罗斯首个多中心观察项目EQUALISER(不同治疗方式对急慢性痔疮患者生活质量的影响),旨在评估HD患者的生活质量,以及治疗方法和手术治疗类型对人群社会适应的影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Hemorrhoids and quality of life: “… two things incompatible”?
Hemorrhoids is one of the most common diseases in human. According to the latest data for 2017, the prevalence rates of hemorrhoids per 100 000 population in Russia are 410,3 in adults, 26.7 in children aged 15 to 17 years and 4,0 in children under 14 years old. Quality of life (QoL) is an important non-specific subjective parameter of well-being, representing an integrative characteristic of the physical, psychological, social and emotional status of the patient. Despite the high prevalence of hemorrhoids and the variety of modern methods of surgical treatment, there are very few studies addressing the QoL in this category of patients. There are significant differences between the patient and the Coloproctologist in the perception of HD, which, possibly, can lead to the hypertrophy of indications for surgical treatment. Understanding the effect of HD on social life and the concept of the well-being of a particular patient can help the doctor choose between conservative and surgical approaches in the treatment of hemorrhoids. On the other hand, due to the excessive shyness and mentality in our country, patients with HD tend to adapt to their disease, which leads to later seeking medical help and suboptimal efficacy of conservative therapy and minimally invasive surgical methods.This review presents the first Russian multicenter observational program EQUALISER (impact of different trEatment modalities on QUAlity of life of the patientS with acute and chronic hEmorRhoid disease) aimed at assessing the QoL of patients with HD, as well as the effect of the treatment method and types of surgical treatment on the social adaptation of the population.
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