Long-Term Deformations of High-Strength Concrete Containing Silica Fume and Metakaolin

The effects of metakaolin and silica fume on the creep and shrinkage of concrete were investigated. Compared with the control concrete, the concrete containing the mineral admixtures had lower early age autogenous shrinkage measured from the time of initial set, but the long-term autogenous shrinkage measured from the age of 24 hours was increased. The total shrinkage (autogenous plus drying shrinkage) measured from 24 hours was reduced. Drying shrinkage was less than for the control concrete. The basic creep of sealed concrete and total creep of drying concrete were significantly reduced due to metakaolin and silica fume, particularly at higher replacement levels.