Labels and Language Related to Sexual Assault

Professionals need to critically consider the language they use when working with survivors of sexual assault because it can convey they are empathic helpers or, conversely, may inadvertently alienate survivors. This chapter discusses the inconsistencies in definitions within the literature, the importance of clarifying how others use terms, the significance of particular words (e.g., survivor vs. victim), the role of the survivor’s conceptualization of the incident(s), and the influence of sociocultural factors on our understanding of sexual violence. Professionals need to recognize that people’s knowledge and use of particular words and definitions will vary widely and that beliefs engrained in our society (e.g., gender roles, masculinity) create barriers to care for many survivors. Ultimately, intentional work focused on the language that professionals use is fundamental to providing survivor-centered support because it serves as an indicator of nonjudgmental and affirming services.