{"title":"楚科塔驯鹿(Rangifer Tarandus L.)活重的变异","authors":"G. Bryzgalov, L. Ignatovich","doi":"10.31043/2410-2733-2023-2-55-61","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the work is to study the dynamics of the live weight of reindeer of the Chukchi breed in a number of generations and in connection with the range.Matherials and methods.For comparative analysis, the live weight of slaughter deer was taken, calculated as the arithmetic mean for 10 years. The study used zootechnical information from the annual reports of reindeer farms in the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug for 1974-1983 and 2009-2018.Results. 9 generations, the average live weight of females (females over 2 years old) in the whole breed changed from 90.4 kg to 92.7 kg (102.5%); adult bulls - from 118.7 kg to 123 kg (103.6%); bulls - from 77.4 kg to 80 kg (103.3%); 5-6 month old calves - from 50 to 51.8 kg (103.6%). Analysis of the data shows that the live weight of deer of the Chukchi breed is a relatively stable phenotypic trait over time. In favorable natural and climatic conditions, the live weight of deer can exceed the average annual figures by 10-11 kg, or 11.6%, which characterizes the genetic and breeding potential of the Chukchi breed. Interpopulation crossings of deer lead to a significant increase in live weight. Significant differences in the level of average live weight were found in deer populations from areas of the range that differ in ecological conditions. In reindeer herding farms whose pastures go to the Bering Sea (southern regions of the range), the live weight of the reindeer is 9-10 kg (10.4%) more in comparison with analogues grazing on the coast of the seas of the Arctic Ocean. To level the negative impact of the external environment, deer need compensatory feeding with protein-mineral mixtures in the winter-spring period.","PeriodicalId":346303,"journal":{"name":"Genetics and breeding of animals","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2023-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Variability of the live weight of reindeer of the Chukota breed (Rangifer Tarandus L.)\",\"authors\":\"G. Bryzgalov, L. Ignatovich\",\"doi\":\"10.31043/2410-2733-2023-2-55-61\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"The purpose of the work is to study the dynamics of the live weight of reindeer of the Chukchi breed in a number of generations and in connection with the range.Matherials and methods.For comparative analysis, the live weight of slaughter deer was taken, calculated as the arithmetic mean for 10 years. The study used zootechnical information from the annual reports of reindeer farms in the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug for 1974-1983 and 2009-2018.Results. 9 generations, the average live weight of females (females over 2 years old) in the whole breed changed from 90.4 kg to 92.7 kg (102.5%); adult bulls - from 118.7 kg to 123 kg (103.6%); bulls - from 77.4 kg to 80 kg (103.3%); 5-6 month old calves - from 50 to 51.8 kg (103.6%). Analysis of the data shows that the live weight of deer of the Chukchi breed is a relatively stable phenotypic trait over time. In favorable natural and climatic conditions, the live weight of deer can exceed the average annual figures by 10-11 kg, or 11.6%, which characterizes the genetic and breeding potential of the Chukchi breed. Interpopulation crossings of deer lead to a significant increase in live weight. Significant differences in the level of average live weight were found in deer populations from areas of the range that differ in ecological conditions. In reindeer herding farms whose pastures go to the Bering Sea (southern regions of the range), the live weight of the reindeer is 9-10 kg (10.4%) more in comparison with analogues grazing on the coast of the seas of the Arctic Ocean. To level the negative impact of the external environment, deer need compensatory feeding with protein-mineral mixtures in the winter-spring period.\",\"PeriodicalId\":346303,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Genetics and breeding of animals\",\"volume\":\"6 1\",\"pages\":\"0\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2023-08-04\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Genetics and breeding of animals\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.31043/2410-2733-2023-2-55-61\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Genetics and breeding of animals","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.31043/2410-2733-2023-2-55-61","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
这项工作的目的是研究楚科奇驯鹿品种在几代内的活重动态及其与范围的关系。材料和方法。为了进行对比分析,取屠宰鹿的活重,取10年的算术平均值。该研究使用了楚科奇自治区1974-1983年和2009-2018年驯鹿养殖场年度报告中的动物技术信息。第9代,全品种雌性(2岁以上)平均活重由90.4 kg变化为92.7 kg (102.5%);成年公牛-从118.7公斤增加到123公斤(103.6%);公牛-从77.4公斤增加到80公斤(103.3%);5-6个月犊牛- 50 - 51.8公斤(103.6%)。数据分析表明楚科奇品种鹿的活重是一个相对稳定的表型性状。在良好的自然和气候条件下,鹿的活重可超过年平均体重10-11公斤,或11.6%,这是楚科奇品种遗传和繁殖潜力的特点。鹿的种群间杂交导致活重显著增加。在生态条件不同的地区,鹿群的平均活重水平存在显著差异。在牧场靠近白令海(山脉南部地区)的驯鹿养殖场,驯鹿的活重比在北冰洋沿岸放牧的驯鹿多9-10公斤(10.4%)。为了消除外部环境的负面影响,鹿在冬春季节需要补饲蛋白质-矿物质混合物。
Variability of the live weight of reindeer of the Chukota breed (Rangifer Tarandus L.)
The purpose of the work is to study the dynamics of the live weight of reindeer of the Chukchi breed in a number of generations and in connection with the range.Matherials and methods.For comparative analysis, the live weight of slaughter deer was taken, calculated as the arithmetic mean for 10 years. The study used zootechnical information from the annual reports of reindeer farms in the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug for 1974-1983 and 2009-2018.Results. 9 generations, the average live weight of females (females over 2 years old) in the whole breed changed from 90.4 kg to 92.7 kg (102.5%); adult bulls - from 118.7 kg to 123 kg (103.6%); bulls - from 77.4 kg to 80 kg (103.3%); 5-6 month old calves - from 50 to 51.8 kg (103.6%). Analysis of the data shows that the live weight of deer of the Chukchi breed is a relatively stable phenotypic trait over time. In favorable natural and climatic conditions, the live weight of deer can exceed the average annual figures by 10-11 kg, or 11.6%, which characterizes the genetic and breeding potential of the Chukchi breed. Interpopulation crossings of deer lead to a significant increase in live weight. Significant differences in the level of average live weight were found in deer populations from areas of the range that differ in ecological conditions. In reindeer herding farms whose pastures go to the Bering Sea (southern regions of the range), the live weight of the reindeer is 9-10 kg (10.4%) more in comparison with analogues grazing on the coast of the seas of the Arctic Ocean. To level the negative impact of the external environment, deer need compensatory feeding with protein-mineral mixtures in the winter-spring period.