社会应用和服务中的无人机操作规范:总体视角

M. Kandeel, H. Salameh, G. Elrefae, Amer Qasim
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引用次数: 0

摘要

近年来,由于信息和通信技术、物联网以及机器人流程自动化的进步,无人机技术发生了翻天覆地的变化。因此,该技术的各种应用已经出现,并影响到日常活动的许多方面。考虑到使用无人机的领域多种多样,有必要对这些用途制定法律管制,以实现国家、地区或国际目的。要对无人机进行法律监管,就应根据国际条约和协议,设立负责实施监管无人机使用、操作和相关活动的立法的机构或部门。本文认为,无人机使用活动的多样性和发展要求建立法律控制,以规范其授权,包括活动、类型、设计、制造、进口、销售、拥有、注册,以及保护第三方的数据隐私权和保密权。需要制定无人机立法来规范与无人机相关活动造成的损害赔偿问题,并为无人机无线电频率、系统和遥控站的使用设定条件、要求和程序。此外,法规在监督这些飞机运营基础设施的建立、机场、燃料和能源供应机制以及运营安全证书的颁发方面也发挥着重要作用。最后,还需要对空域规划和航线、运行高度和水平运行、进入和离开空域、指定禁区、限制区或危险区以及空域使用义务等安全问题进行控制。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Regulations for UAV Operation in Social Applications and Services: A General Perspective
Drone technology has undergone dramatic changes in recent years due to advancements in information and communication technologies, the internet of things, and robotic process automation. As a result, various applications of this technology have emerged and affected many aspects of everyday activities. Considering the diverse areas in which drones are used, it is deemed necessary to develop legal controls over these uses in order to achieve national, regional, or international purposes. For legal regulation of drones to take place, there should be bodies or institutions in charge of the implementation of the legislation regulating drone uses, operations, and related activities, in accordance with international treaties and agreements. This paper argues that the diversity and development of the activities in which the drone is used require the establishment of legal controls to regulate its authorization including that of activities, types, designs, manufacturing, importing, selling, owning, registration, as well as protecting third party's right to data privacy and confidentiality. Drone legislation is needed to regulate issues related to compensation for damages arising from activities associated with drones, and to setting conditions, requirements, and procedures for the use of drone radio frequencies, systems, and remote control stations. Rules also have a significant role in monitoring the establishment of the infrastructure implementing the operation of these aircraft, their airports, the mechanism for supplying fuel and energy, and the issuance of an operational safety certificate. Finally, the regulation is required for maintaining control on safety issues such as airspace planning and routing, altitude and horizontal operation of operations, entry, and exit from airspace, designation of prohibited, restricted, or dangerous areas, and airspace use obligations.
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