The aftermarket integration of modern electronic information systems in classic aircraft-human factors design considerations

Today, operators of classic aircraft are seeking the addition of new technologies, such as the integration of GPS/FMS, and even complete Electronic Information Systems (EIS), in order to meet the demands of a rapidly changing operational environment. The addition of such items to an already crowded flight deck poses problems that the original manufacturer never had to consider. The most obvious is the lack of adequate and appropriate space ("real estate") in which to install such updates. Unfortunately, such additions in an already limited area, can lead to very different and quite unique crew interfaces due to the location chosen for the new display/control box (or boxes). This lack of space can also lead to the complex redesign, combining, and miniaturization of current systems simply to provide sufficient "real estate" to install the new box(es). This, in itself, may very well lead to increased crew workload which may not be immediately apparent to design engineers. This paper examines the human factors issues involved with the integration of modern electronic information systems into the flight deck of classic air transport category aircraft through the Supplemental Type Certificate process.