Characterization of Shiga Toxin Escherichia coli O157: H7 from raw camel milk, Goat Meat and Minced Goat Meat sold at Local Markets in Matrouh Governorate.

Escherichia coli O 157 :H 7 is a major food borne pathogens of concern worldwide so, the present study was carried out for isolation of E. coli O 157 :H 7 , molecular characterization, detection of virulence genes, antibiogram and phenotypic detection of Extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL) producers among isolated strains from raw camel milk goat meat and minced goat meat. A total of 66 samples (44 raw camel milk, 15 goat meat and 7 minced goat meat) were collected from local retail outlets, butcher's shop and super markets in Matrouh Governorate. Samples were subjected to bacterial isolation and identification using cultural, biochemical, PCR, antibiogram and phenotypic detection of ESBL. Out of 66 samples, 7 (10.6%) E. coli O 157 :H 7 isolates were recovered. All 7 (100%) tested isolates were positive for flic H7 gene. 4 (57.14%) isolates were positive for stx 1 but, none of the isolates were positive for stx 2 gene. E. coli O 157 :H 7 isolates showed susceptibility to gentamycin (28.6%), chloramphenicol (57.1%), cefepime and cefuroxime (14.3%) while intermediate susceptible to nalidixic acid (71.4%), streptomycin (57.1%), chloramphenicol, ampicillin and cefepime (14.3%), but resistant to cefotaxime and ceftazidime (100%), ampicillin and cefuroxime (85.7%), gentamycin and cefepime (71.4%), streptomycin (42.9%), nalidixic acid and chloramphenicol (28.6%). only 14.3% of isolates were ESBL producers. Consequently, the goat meat is one of the major sources of E. coli O 157 :H 7 in Matrouh Governorate. Multiple antibiotic resistant profiles of E. coli O 157 :H 7 show a risk for public health and food safety as well as animal production so, proper antibiotics usage in animal production also needs attention. 5. Characterization of ESBLs according CLSI (2016): Isolates with reduced CTX and / CAZ was assessed using combination disc test An in the zone more than 5mm for either antimicrobial agent tested in combination with clavulonic acid vs. the zone