娜奥米·奥德曼的《权力:反映此时此地的投机女权主义反乌托邦小说》

T. Sen
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摘要

投机小说,包含基于假设和想象的投机元素,改变我们在当前世界中感知的真实或可能的动态,然后猜测可能的后果。作家们利用投机小说作为一种手段,暗示我们当前现实中尚未制定或具体化的潜在可能性和承诺。因此,女性主义思辨小说的女性作家,特别是从20世纪70年代开始,将这一类型作为一种有效的工具来揭露和质疑目前普遍存在的性别之间传统权力关系的压迫现状和规范精神。与此相一致的是,娜奥米·奥德曼(Naomi Alderman)在她的2017年贝利女性小说奖获奖小说《权力》(The Power)中,战略性地颠覆了目前两性之间的权力结构,赋予女性(主要是青春期女孩)不可预见的内在权力,让男性触电,最终导致一场大灾难,在未来的某个时候,一个由赋权女性统治和主导的新世界秩序。本文旨在探讨坚定的女权主义者奥德曼如何在《权力》一书中有目的地展示她的小说虚构的反乌托邦,尽管令人毛骨悚然,但本质上是对我们当今现实中普遍存在的等级性别关系的相当准确的描述和批判。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Naomi Alderman’s The Power: A Speculative Feminist Dystopian Fiction Mirroring the Here and Now
Abstract Speculative fiction, containing speculative elements based on supposition and imagination, changes the dynamics of what is real or possible as we perceive them in our current world and then surmises the likely consequences. Litterateurs have employed speculative fiction as a means of suggesting the latent possibilities and promises for our immediate reality which are not yet enacted or materialised. Accordingly, female writers of feminist speculative fiction, particularly from the 1970s onwards, have used this genre as an effective tool both to expose and to interrogate the oppressive status quo and the normative ethos of the conventional power relation between the sexes prevailing at present. In keeping with this, Naomi Alderman, in her Bailey’s Women’s Prize for Fiction 2017 winning novel The Power, strategically flips the current power structure between the sexes on its head by investing the women, primarily adolescent girls, with the unforeseen yet inherent power of electrocuting men which ultimately results in a Cataclysm initiating a new world order ruled and dominated by empowered women some time in the future. This paper aims at exploring how Alderman, a staunch feminist, purposefully demonstrates in The Power that her novel’s fictional dystopia, though macabre and gruesome, is, in essence, a fairly accurate representation as well as a critique of the hierarchical gender relationship as it is prevalent in our present reality.
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