Fuzzy Logic based Enhanced Zone Stable Election Protocol for Energy Efficient Cluster head election in WSN

The key issue in determining the lifetime of wireless sensor network (WSN) is the energy burning up of individual node. The cluster based routing improves the energy usage of WSN compared to other routing approach. In this paper, an effective multi-level cluster algorithm using link correlation is proposed for heterogeneous WSN.The heterogeneous nodes are adopted as level-k cluster heads and implementing network coding on those nodes increases network lifetime significantly. Meanwhile, implementing time division multiple access (TDMA) technique within a cluster creates an organized cluster architecture improving the energy efficiency. How to make efficient data routing in energy constrained wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is one of the key points. In order to find the optimal path of data transmission in the WSNs, a new routing algorithm based on ant colony algorithm is proposed. Using the improved heuristic function and considering the node communication transmission distance, transmission direction and residual energy, an optimal path from the source node to the destination node can be found. Thus the network energy consumption is reduced and the network lifetime is prolonged Simulation results show that new ant algorithm can effectively save the energy of nodes and prolong the network lifetime.