Indications for Cesarean Section delivery among Primigravid Women attending Kirkuk City Hospitals

Background: Cesarean section is method of birth used when a vaginal delivery is not possible or when the baby's and mother's health are at risk. Understanding the causes of caesarean section can give us a greater awareness of this common obstetric operation. Aims: To determine the indications for cesarean section among primi gravid women, attending ‎Kirkuk city hospitals, and to find out the relationship between indications for cesarean section and demographic data with some of reproductive characteristics of the study sample. Methods and materials: A descriptive study was conducted at maternity units in Kirkuk city hospitals from August, 2022 to May, 2023. The study sample included 200 primigravid women who underwent to caesarean section. The data was collected through a questionnaire and interview techniques. SPSS version 26 was used for data entry and analysis. Both descriptive and inferential statistic were used. Results: the mean age was 23.62 ± 5.62 most of the patient were in the age 15-19 years old , (42.5%) were graduated from institute, college & higher education, more than half of the sample (59.5%) were housewife, (76.5%) were from urban with (45.5%) of them being from sufficient monthly income, and (44.0%) were obese. Cephalopelvic disproportion and fetal malpresentation were the most common indications for cesarean section. Reproductive history was significantly associated with each of [maternal age at (P=0.001), residency at (P=0.001), monthly income at (P=0.003) and type of antenatal care at (P=0.000). No significant relationship was reported between women demographic data and their indications for caesarean section at p-value <0.05. Conclusion: Cephalopelvic disproportion and fetal malpresentation were the most common indications for cesarean section, followed by fetal distress and obstructed labor. Performing caesarean section delivery should be for the medical and emergency reasons by the obstetricians.