手套消毒和无菌技术:创建洁净室和实验室的方案

Tim Sandle
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在洁净室和实验室中,有不同的因素有助于良好的无菌技术。其中一个要素是戴上手套(1),适当处理物品,并定期消毒手套(2)。手套消毒是控制细菌的重要步骤,尽管如何成功地控制取决于消毒剂的类型(这些通常是用于戴手套的手的酒精)(3),使用频率,消毒剂的体积,使用技术和接触时间。其他变量包括购买合适材料和设计的手套,以及适当的培训。作为对更关键区域的额外控制,手套在戴上之前进行了预消毒(通常通过辐射或环氧乙烷消毒)。与其他类型的消毒一样,目的不是“灭菌”,而是将手套上存在的任何细菌密度降低到尽可能低的水平(有时被称为“不可降低的最低限度”)(4)。必要时,通常通过在每只戴手套的手(四个手指和拇指)的指尖上使用琼脂接触板进行评估,以创建“手指板”或“手指轻拍”。为了避免假阴性,琼脂需要用适当的消毒中和剂配制。对于洁净室和实验室经理寻求最大限度地保持无菌,手套控制是一个重要因素。这应该采取良好实践模式的形式,并将其转换为培训模块,并在实践中提供定期提示。就这种模式应该是什么样子而言,本文评估了支持适当的手套“消毒”模式的研究。这包括何时以及如何有效地实现手套消毒的核心问题(5)。关键发现是,只要采用合适的技术并使用含酒精的消毒剂,30秒的消毒时间适用于洁净室和实验室操作。但是,需要采取控制措施,避免手套过度消毒,因为反复使用会增加发生微穿孔的可能性,因此需要通过定期更换手套的程序来支持有效的手套消毒。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Glove disinfection and aseptic technique: Creating a schema for the cleanroom and laboratory
There are different elements that contribute to good aseptic technique within the cleanroom and the laboratory. One such element is the donning of gloves (1), handling items appropriately, and keeping gloves regularly disinfected (2). Glove disinfection is an essential step for bacteriological control, although how successful control is maintained is dependent upon the type of disinfectant (these are generally alcohols for gloved hands) (3), frequency of application, volume of disinfectant, application technique and the contact time. Other variables include purchasing gloves of a suitable material and design, and appropriate training. Aa an added control with more critical areas, the gloves are pre sterilised before donning (often purchased sterile by radiation or ethylene oxide). As with other types of disinfection, the aim is not ‘sterilisation’ but to bring any bacterial density present on the gloves down to a level that is as low as possible (what is sometimes referred to as the "irreducible minimum") (4). Assessment, when required, is commonly through the use of agar contact plates onto the fingertips of each gloved hand (four fingers and the thumb) to create the ‘finger plate’ or ‘finger dab’. To avoid false negatives, the agar needs to be formulated with an appropriate disinfectant neutraliser. For cleanroom and laboratory managers seeking to maximise the maintenance of asepsis, glove control is an important element. This should take the form of a good practice schema and for this to be transitioned into a training module, supported by regular prompts in practice. In terms of what such a schema should look like, this article appraises the research that underpins an appropriate glove ‘sanitisation’ schema. This includes the central concerns of when and how effective glove disinfection is to be achieved (5). The key findings are that a 30 second disinfection time is suitable for both cleanroom and laboratory operations, provided a suitable technique is deployed and an alcohol-based disinfectant used. However, controls need to be in place to avoid the over disinfection of gloves since repeated applications increase the likelihood of microperforations occurring and thereby effective glove disinfection needs to be supported by a regular glove change procedure.
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