磺胺与乙酸、甲酸制备大型中生代海洋爬行动物化石的比较,以及酸制备后残酸除盐的监测方法

Geological Curator Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI:10.55468/gc411
L. Noè, M. Gómez-Pérez, S. Padilla-Bernal
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引用次数: 0

摘要

化学制备是古生物学中的一项重要技术,它使用稀的酸性水溶液从化石中去除钙质基质,但这导致了盐作为副产品的进化。酸的制备通常使用甲酸和乙酸,而氨基酸很少被考虑。氨基甲酸是一种强酸,有许多工业用途,但与甲酸或乙酸相比,它对健康和安全的担忧较少,产生的刺激性烟雾也较少。利用哥伦比亚(南美)中生代大型海洋爬行动物的钙质基质,进行了三种比较程序,以了解氨基甲酸与甲酸和乙酸的作用。这些程序的结果表明,在基质去除率方面,氨基甲酸的作用方式与甲酸相当,并且比乙酸更快。第四项程序研究了哥伦比亚大型中生代海洋爬行动物化石在用硫酸制备后的酸和盐残留物的去除,这是任何酸制备标本长期存活所必需的过程。化石浸泡在1型去离子水中,电导率的增加作为离子浸出的代表。结果表明,制备者的“经验法则”——将样品浸泡在水中的时间是在酸溶液中时间的三倍——不足以确保令人满意地去除酸和盐残留。虽然在用硫酸制备的标本上进行了测试,但制备后离子去除技术同样适用于在水溶液中使用硫酸、甲酸或乙酸制备的所有化石。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Comparing sulphamic acid to acetic and formic acids for the preparation of large mesozoic marine reptile fossils, and a method for monitoring residual acid and salt removal following acid preparation
Chemical preparation is an important technique in palaeontology that uses a dilute aqueous acid solution to remove calcareous matrix from fossils, but which leads to the evolution of salts as a by-product. Acid preparation is usually undertaken using formic and acetic acids, whereas sulphamic acid has only rarely been considered. Sulphamic acid is a strong acid, with many industrial uses, but which has fewer health and safety concerns, and produces fewer irritant fumes, than formic or acetic acids. Three comparative procedures were undertaken to understand the action of sulphamic acid in relation to formic and acetic acids, using calcareous matrix from Colombian (South American) large Mesozoic marine reptiles. The results of these procedures indicate sulphamic acid acts in a comparable manner to formic acid, and more rapidly than acetic acid, in terms of rate of matrix removal. Afourth procedure investigated the removal of acid and salt residues following sulphamic acid preparation of a Colombian large Mesozoic marine reptile fossil, a process essential for the long-term survival of any acid prepared specimen. The fossil was immersed in type 1 deionized water, and increasing electrical conductivity was used as a proxy for ionic leaching. The results imply the preparators 'rule of thumb' of soaking a specimen in water for three times the length of time spent in the acid solution, is inadequate to ensure satisfactory removal of acid and salt residues. Although tested on a specimen prepared using sulphamic acid, the technique for post-preparation ion removal is equally be applicable to all fossils prepared using sulphamic, formic or acetic acids in aqueous solution.
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