衰落信道Turbo栅格编码调制方案的实现

R.K. Goswami, K. S. Rao, Swathi Nambari
{"title":"衰落信道Turbo栅格编码调制方案的实现","authors":"R.K. Goswami, K. S. Rao, Swathi Nambari","doi":"10.37391/ijeer.110305","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"In the context of data communication, encountering fading channels can lead to errors occurring at the receiving end due to multipath propagation. To address this challenge, researchers have persistently worked towards developing Error Correction Schemes that effectively manage these errors and guarantee error-free data reception for the receiver. One area of focus lies in the implementation of Forward Error Correction Schemes directly at the transmitter end. Nonetheless, integrating error correction coding using these schemes comes with the drawback of increased bandwidth requirements since additional bits must be included to facilitate error correction. Fortunately, there exists a coding scheme known as Trellis Coded Modulation (TCM), which specifically tackles this concern. In the case of TCM, the modulation scheme has been chosen based on the rate of the convolutional coding scheme. Nevertheless, TCM has certain limitations when it comes to correcting a high number of errors, which prompted the emergence of Turbo Coding. Turbo Coding employs two coders at the transmitter, arranged either in a serial or parallel configuration, along with an appropriate decoder at the receiver. This paper introduces a Turbo Coding scheme design utilizing convolutional coders with a rate of 2/3, arranged in a serially concatenated configuration, resulting in an effective rate of 4/9. For preserving bandwidth, the Turbo Coding is applied to TCM scheme. Consequently, when employing the convolutional coding scheme with a rate of 2/3, the modulation scheme has to be 8-QAM. However, to maintain bandwidth after coding, when utilizing the Turbo coding scheme with a rate of 4/9, the modulation scheme is upgraded to 512-QAM. MATLAB simulations were conducted to evaluate the error correcting capabilities of the designed scheme compared to the convolutional coding scheme that uses the constituent convolutional encoder. The comparison has also been made with the uncoded data communication utilizing simple QPSK modulation scheme. The results indicate that under Rician fading channel conditions, the Turbo Trellis Coding Modulation Scheme provides an approximate gain of 5 dB compared to the convolutional coding scheme and approximately 8 dB gain compared to uncoded one.","PeriodicalId":158560,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2023-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Implementation of Turbo Trellis Coding Modulation Scheme for Fading Channel\",\"authors\":\"R.K. Goswami, K. S. Rao, Swathi Nambari\",\"doi\":\"10.37391/ijeer.110305\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"In the context of data communication, encountering fading channels can lead to errors occurring at the receiving end due to multipath propagation. To address this challenge, researchers have persistently worked towards developing Error Correction Schemes that effectively manage these errors and guarantee error-free data reception for the receiver. One area of focus lies in the implementation of Forward Error Correction Schemes directly at the transmitter end. Nonetheless, integrating error correction coding using these schemes comes with the drawback of increased bandwidth requirements since additional bits must be included to facilitate error correction. Fortunately, there exists a coding scheme known as Trellis Coded Modulation (TCM), which specifically tackles this concern. In the case of TCM, the modulation scheme has been chosen based on the rate of the convolutional coding scheme. Nevertheless, TCM has certain limitations when it comes to correcting a high number of errors, which prompted the emergence of Turbo Coding. Turbo Coding employs two coders at the transmitter, arranged either in a serial or parallel configuration, along with an appropriate decoder at the receiver. This paper introduces a Turbo Coding scheme design utilizing convolutional coders with a rate of 2/3, arranged in a serially concatenated configuration, resulting in an effective rate of 4/9. For preserving bandwidth, the Turbo Coding is applied to TCM scheme. Consequently, when employing the convolutional coding scheme with a rate of 2/3, the modulation scheme has to be 8-QAM. However, to maintain bandwidth after coding, when utilizing the Turbo coding scheme with a rate of 4/9, the modulation scheme is upgraded to 512-QAM. MATLAB simulations were conducted to evaluate the error correcting capabilities of the designed scheme compared to the convolutional coding scheme that uses the constituent convolutional encoder. The comparison has also been made with the uncoded data communication utilizing simple QPSK modulation scheme. The results indicate that under Rician fading channel conditions, the Turbo Trellis Coding Modulation Scheme provides an approximate gain of 5 dB compared to the convolutional coding scheme and approximately 8 dB gain compared to uncoded one.\",\"PeriodicalId\":158560,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research\",\"volume\":\"46 1\",\"pages\":\"0\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2023-07-30\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.37391/ijeer.110305\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.37391/ijeer.110305","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

摘要

在数据通信中,遇到衰落信道会导致接收端由于多径传播而产生错误。为了应对这一挑战,研究人员一直致力于开发纠错方案,以有效地管理这些错误并保证接收器的无错误数据接收。一个重点领域是直接在发送端实现前向纠错方案。尽管如此,使用这些方案集成纠错编码的缺点是带宽需求增加,因为必须包括额外的比特来促进纠错。幸运的是,存在一种称为网格编码调制(TCM)的编码方案,它专门解决了这个问题。在TCM的情况下,调制方案是根据卷积编码方案的速率来选择的。然而,TCM在校正大量错误方面存在一定的局限性,这促使了Turbo编码的出现。Turbo编码在发送端使用两个编码器,以串行或并行的方式排列,同时在接收端使用一个适当的解码器。本文介绍了一种Turbo编码方案设计,利用2/3的卷积编码器,以串行连接的方式排列,使有效速率达到4/9。为了保持带宽,在TCM方案中采用了Turbo编码。因此,当采用速率为2/3的卷积编码方案时,调制方案必须为8-QAM。然而,为了保持编码后的带宽,当使用4/9速率的Turbo编码方案时,调制方案升级为512-QAM。通过MATLAB仿真,对比采用成分卷积编码器的卷积编码方案,对所设计方案的纠错能力进行了评价。并与采用简单QPSK调制方案的无编码数据通信进行了比较。结果表明,在信道衰落条件下,与卷积编码相比,Turbo栅格编码调制方案的增益约为5 dB,与未编码调制方案相比,增益约为8 dB。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Implementation of Turbo Trellis Coding Modulation Scheme for Fading Channel
In the context of data communication, encountering fading channels can lead to errors occurring at the receiving end due to multipath propagation. To address this challenge, researchers have persistently worked towards developing Error Correction Schemes that effectively manage these errors and guarantee error-free data reception for the receiver. One area of focus lies in the implementation of Forward Error Correction Schemes directly at the transmitter end. Nonetheless, integrating error correction coding using these schemes comes with the drawback of increased bandwidth requirements since additional bits must be included to facilitate error correction. Fortunately, there exists a coding scheme known as Trellis Coded Modulation (TCM), which specifically tackles this concern. In the case of TCM, the modulation scheme has been chosen based on the rate of the convolutional coding scheme. Nevertheless, TCM has certain limitations when it comes to correcting a high number of errors, which prompted the emergence of Turbo Coding. Turbo Coding employs two coders at the transmitter, arranged either in a serial or parallel configuration, along with an appropriate decoder at the receiver. This paper introduces a Turbo Coding scheme design utilizing convolutional coders with a rate of 2/3, arranged in a serially concatenated configuration, resulting in an effective rate of 4/9. For preserving bandwidth, the Turbo Coding is applied to TCM scheme. Consequently, when employing the convolutional coding scheme with a rate of 2/3, the modulation scheme has to be 8-QAM. However, to maintain bandwidth after coding, when utilizing the Turbo coding scheme with a rate of 4/9, the modulation scheme is upgraded to 512-QAM. MATLAB simulations were conducted to evaluate the error correcting capabilities of the designed scheme compared to the convolutional coding scheme that uses the constituent convolutional encoder. The comparison has also been made with the uncoded data communication utilizing simple QPSK modulation scheme. The results indicate that under Rician fading channel conditions, the Turbo Trellis Coding Modulation Scheme provides an approximate gain of 5 dB compared to the convolutional coding scheme and approximately 8 dB gain compared to uncoded one.
求助全文
通过发布文献求助,成功后即可免费获取论文全文。 去求助
来源期刊
CiteScore
1.70
自引率
0.00%
发文量
0
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:604180095
Book学术官方微信