医务工作者职业压力的现状、应对与克服

V. Chorna, V. Makhniuk, S.M. Моhylnyi, S. Khliestova, V.M. Podolian, L. B. Furman, I. V. Larchenko, A. Chaika
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引用次数: 1

摘要

目标。目的了解文尼察地区医务人员情绪倦怠(PREV)发展的表现及预测因素水平,并制定预防措施。材料和方法。这项研究涉及324名受访者——文尼察地区的卫生保健工作者。受访者中女性占84.2%,男性占17.6%。受访医生的平均年龄为44,06+ 12.2岁,受访护士的平均年龄为- 37,2+ 11.4岁。从事专业活动的年资分别为:医生- 19年、7 + 12年、3年,中等职业医师- 15年、5 + 11年、1年。本研究采用V.V. Boyko的情绪倦怠心理诊断方法和N.E. Vodopianova的适应技术。研究结果的统计处理在许可的标准化软件包Statistica 6.1 for Windows中进行,计算算术平均值,标准平均算术误差。采用学生t检验(t)来评估差异的显著性。本工作采用了国内外科学文献的内容分析、文献语义、分析和统计研究方法。研究的结果。文章分析了在乌克兰和国外的医疗保健部门医务工作者的职业和情感倦怠/压力的状态。职业倦怠/压力的主要原因,他们的因素,和他们的后果是突出。结论。这些研究结果表明,不适当的工作条件和有害的专业因素的存在导致了高水平的情绪耗竭、人格解体和专业成就的降低,这对每一名卫生工作者履行其专业职责产生了负面影响,需要为他们提供门诊治疗,以防止PREV综合征和职业倦怠转变为疾病。进一步研究的前景是研究乌克兰医务人员和人口的职业倦怠/压力问题,对策和有效的心理健康预防系统。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The state of occupational stress in medical workers, counteraction and overcoming it
Objective. To determine the manifestations and the level of predictors of the development of emotional burnout (PREV) among medical workers in the Vinnytsia region and develop preventive measures to prevent it. Materials and methods. The study involved 324 respondents - healthcare workers in the Vinnytsia region. Among the respondents were women – 82,4%, men – 17,6%. The average age of respondents among doctors was 44,06+12,2 years, among nurses – 37,2+11,4 years. The length of service in professional activities was: among doctors – 19,7 + 12,3 years and SMPs – 15,5 + 11,1 years. The psychodiagnostic method of emotional burnout by V.V. Boyko was used in the study and the adapted technique of N.E. Vodopianova. Statistical processing of the study results was performed in the licensed standardized package Statistica 6.1 for Windows with the calculation of the arithmetic mean value, the standard mean arithmetic error. The significance of the difference was assessed using Student's t-test (t). The work used content analysis of domestic and foreign scientific sources, biblio-semantic, analytical and statistical research methods. Research Results. The article analyzes the state of professional and emotional burnout/stress among medical workers in the healthcare sector in Ukraine and abroad. The chief causes of professional burnout/stress, their factors, and their consequences are highlighted. Conclusions. These research results indicate inappropriate working conditions and the presence of harmful professional factors leading to a high level of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and a reduction in professional achievements, which negatively affects the performance of their professional duties by every second health worker and requires them to be provided with outpatient treatment to prevent the transition of PREV syndromes and professional burnout into illness. The prospect of further research is to study the problem of professional burnout/stress, counteraction, and an effective system of mental health prevention both for medical personnel and the population of Ukraine.
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