Strongly Linearizable Implementations of Snapshots and Other Types

Linearizability is the gold standard of correctness conditions for shared memory algorithms, and historically has been considered the practical equivalent of atomicity. However, it has been shown that replacing atomic objects with linearizable implementations can affect the probability distribution of execution outcomes in randomized algorithms. Thus, linearizable objects are not always suitable replacements for atomic objects. A stricter correctness condition called strong linearizability has been developed and shown to be appropriate for randomized algorithms in a strong adaptive adversary model[16]. We devise several new lock-free strongly linearizable implementations from atomic registers. In particular, we give the first strongly linearizable lock-free snapshot implementation that uses bounded space. This improves on the unbounded space solution of Denysyuk and Woelfel[14]. As a building block, our algorithm uses a lock-free strongly linearizable ABA-detecting register. We obtain this object by modifying the wait-free linearizable ABA-detecting register of Aghazadeh and Woelfel [5], which, as we show, is not strongly linearizable. Aspnes and Herlihy[8] identified a wide class of types that have wait-free linearizable implementations. These types require that any pair of operations either commute, or one overwrites the other. Aspnes and Herlihy gave a general wait-free linearizable implementation of such types, employing an atomic snapshot object. We show that this implementation is strongly linearizable, proving that all types in this class have a lock-free strongly linearizable implementation from atomic registers.