乌克兰科学语篇中介绍性结构的结构和功能特点

O. Novikova
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摘要

科学风格是一种积极动态发展的功能风格。它旨在反映语言现实现象和社会现代发展过程。科学语篇句法的强制性特征可以完成为抽象性和泛化,这表现在句子结构中对人称行为主体(脱代理)的例外和名化结构(语句的名义性)的广泛适用性。实现科学思想陈述的无代理性和名义性的方法之一是使用介绍性结构。现代乌克兰语科学话语中引入单位的激活是一种创新现象。它们具有不同的外语言性质,并执行实现各种交流模式的任务。在科学文章中使用介绍性结构不仅对信息的表达是必要的,而且对语义的完整性也是必要的,这是通过围绕一个主题将文本的所有部分结合起来来确保的。它们有助于实现文本的连贯性、情态、一致性和清晰性等类别。导论单位选择的特殊性取决于作者的个人风格,他对一个特定问题的思考,并预先决定了进行科学讨论或论证的语言手段的选择。文章追溯了现代乌克兰科学语篇的交际和语用组织的新趋势,因为使用了各种类型的介绍性结构。确定了它们在最重要语义群中的主要功能和文体表现;建立了介绍词、词组合和句子的结构和语法、功能和文体多样性的方法。通过分析现代乌克兰科学语篇中介绍性词语、短语和句子的实际使用情况,我们指出,介绍性词语、短语和句子的使用范围更广,风格更重,是实现几种交际和语用功能的手段:文本和连通性、重音和肯定、重音和假设以及评价功能。有一种明显的趋势,即主要使用乌克兰语适当的介绍词、短语和句子,这些词、短语和句子越来越自信地从常用的早期介绍单位中挤出来,这证明了科学语言的乌克兰化。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL PECULIARITIES OF INTRODUCTORY CONSTRUCTIONS IN UKRAINIAN SCIENTIFIC DISCOURSE
Scientific style is one of the functional styles, which is now actively and dynamically developing. It aims to reflect the phenomena of linguistic reality and the processes of the society modern development. The mandatory features of the scientific texts syntax can be completed to the abstractivness and generalization, which are manifested as the exception of a personal subject of action (deagency) from the sentence structure and the wide applicability of nominalizing structures (the nominal nature of a statement). One of the ways to implement the deagency and nominal nature of a statement of scientific thought is the use of introductory constructions. Activation of introductory units in modern Ukrainian scientific speech is an innovative phenomenon. They have different extralinguistic nature and perform tasks that implement various communication patterns. The use of introductory constructions in a scientific text is necessary not only for the expressiveness of the message, but also for semantic integrity, which is ensured by combining all parts of the text around one topic. They help to realize such categories of the text as coherence, modality, consistency, and articulation. The specificity of the choice of introductory units depends on author's individual style, his thoughts about a particular problem, and predetermines the choice of linguistic means for conducting scientific discussion or argumentation. The article traces new trends in the communicative and pragmatic organization of modern Ukrainian scientific discourse due to the use of various types of introductory constructions. Their main functions and stylistic manifestations within the most important semantic groups are identified; the ways of structural and grammatical, and functional and stylistic diversity of introductory words, word combinations and sentences are established. Analyzing the actual material regarding the use of introductory words, phrases and sentences in modern Ukrainian scientific discourse, we state that they acquire a wider use and stylistic weight, serve as a means of implementing several communicative and pragmatic functions: text and connectedness, accent and affirmative, accent and hypothetical, and appraisal functions. There is a noticeable tendency towards the predominant use of the Ukrainian proper introductory words, phrases and sentences, which are increasingly confidently squeezing out of use common early introductory units, which testifies to the Ukrainization of scientific speech.
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