关于人类人工智能的反思与生命伦理——综述

Anuradha Kurunayakage, Dpm Lakshan, R. Kathriarachchi
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引用次数: 0

摘要

人工智能对人类文化的影响备受争议。有些人认为人工智能对人们的日常生活有积极的影响,因为它可以比人类更高效地完成平凡甚至复杂的活动。尽管人工智能有许多潜在的应用,但它也提出了重要的公共政策问题,需要做更多的工作来创建安全的以人为中心的人工智能系统。在认识到人工智能领域取得的进展的同时,这篇综述有助于正在进行的关于法律如何与新兴技术相互作用的讨论,这对社会有什么影响,以及为什么确保公开、隐私和保护所有将从这些发展中受益的各方作为目标很重要。人权、民主原则以及将自己的偏见带入数字互动的风险是最紧迫的问题。与人类不同,人工智能没有自己的情感或性格,因此强调人工智能领域的生物伦理是至关重要的。然而,当代人工智能对人们的日常生活和人际交往产生了巨大的影响。为了迎接这一新的挑战,人们需要思考和建立新的人工智能生命伦理原则,为人工智能技术提供遵循的标准,以便人类能够从人工智能的进步中获益。由于这些发展中的技术带来的独特挑战,必须调整生物伦理框架来应对它们,并且这些自动化系统的开发也需要量身定制以纳入生物伦理原则。随着人工智能的发展,人们将不得不学习如何与非人类的东西互动。然而,现在人类必须与同样不自然、不自然地被创造出来的东西作斗争:人工智能。通过德尔菲法对人工智能领域的专家进行了调查,重点关注人工智能的人权和法律影响、生物伦理以及目前如何讨论、争论、解决这一问题,以及人权概念如何受到影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Ruminations and Bioethics on AI for Humanity – A Review
The implications of AI on human culture are intensely contested. There are people who believe that AI has a positive impact on people’s daily lives because it can perform mundane and even complex activities more efficiently and effectively than humans. Although AI has many potential applications, it also raises important public policy questions, and more work needs to be done to create safe human-centred AI systems. While recognizing the progress made in the field of artificial intelligence, this review contributes to the ongoing conversation about how the law interacts with emerging technologies, what effect this has on society, and why it’s important to ensure openness, privacy, and protection of all parties that stand to benefit from these developments as the objectives. Human rights, democratic principles, and the risks of bringing one’s own prejudices into one’s digital interactions are among the most pressing concerns. Unlike humans, AI has no emotions or character of its own, hence it’s vital to highlight the bioethics of the arena of AI. However, contemporary AI has a huge effect on peoples’ daily lives and interpersonal interactions. To meet this new challenge, people need to think about and build new principles of AI bioethics to provide standards for AI technology to follow so that humanity can reap the benefits of AI advancements. Because of the unique challenges posed by these developing technologies, bioethical frameworks must be adapted to deal with them, and the development of these automated systems also needs to be tailored to incorporate bioethical principles. As AI develops, people will have to learn how to interact with something that isn’t human. However, now humans must contend with something that is also unnatural and unnaturally created: AI. Experts in the field of artificial intelligence were surveyed via the Delphi method to focus on the human rights and legal implications, bioethics of AI and how it is now being discussed, argued, addressed, and how human rights concepts are being impacted.
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