Research Progress of Antitumor Small Molecule Inhibitor Targeting SOS1

Rat sarcoma (RAS) is the most frequently mutated oncogene in human cancer, accounting for approximately 30% of all human cancer mutations. RAS gene is associated with several intracellular pathways which control proliferation, differentiation and other physiological processes. As a central node in RAS signaling pathway, SOS1 (son of sevenless 1) can activate RAS proteins through protein-protein interaction, thus explaining that SOS1 small molecule inhibitors offer an opportunity to treat RAS-dependent cancers. Its potential in the treatment of RAS mutation-driven cancers has been demonstrated in recent literature and patent documents, and the structure and indications of these SOS1 small molecule inhibitors are summarized to provide reference for further research and application.