采购生产节能技术的开发

V. Matviychuk
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引用次数: 2

摘要

本文介绍了金属压力加工(OMT)节能、资源节约、低浪费技术的开发与研究成果。在发展OMT工艺时,重要的是扩大低废物生产复杂形状零件的技术能力。局部变形过程的发展促进了这一点。本研究的目的是通过对工件材料的可变形性进行评估,在轧制冲压和轧制工艺的计算与设计的基础上,提高零件的质量,节省材料、能源和劳动力资源。为此,开发了一种在冲压和轧制工艺设计中计算合理路线的方法,该方法提供:由于设备功率的降低,过渡次数的减少和销毁废料的消除,从而降低了生产成本;由于形成有利的材料微观结构,降低了力学性能的各向异性,限制了塑性资源,从而提高了产品质量。结果表明,工件局部变形后的尺寸精度取决于工艺方案、刀具尺寸及其设置的精度,产品表面粗糙度取决于工艺方案、刀具粗糙度和润滑质量。采用滚压和滚压冲压时,产品尺寸精度按质量7-11保证,在满足工艺要求的情况下,表面粗糙度为μm。以方板坯冲压轧制成圆板坯为例,证明了平面各向异性程度降低了70-80%,板坯平面屈服强度从0.10-0.15相对下降到0.03-0.05,极限拉伸变形提高了8-10%,极限均匀变形提高了5-8%。用异形坯料拉拔圆柱形产品时,花纹尺寸减小2-2.5倍,最终拉拔度尺寸增大10-15%。同时,沿拉长工件周长的壁厚相对差值减小,沿工件高度的壁厚减小呈线性变化。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
DEVELOPMENT OF ENERGY AND RESOURCE SAVING TECHNOLOGIES OF PROCUREMENT PRODUCTION
The article presents the results of development and research of energy- and resource-saving low-waste technologies of pressure metal processing (OMT). When developing OMT processes, it is important to expand the technological capabilities of low-waste production of parts of complex shape. This is facilitated by the development of local deformation processes. The purpose of this study is to improve the quality of parts, save material, energy and labor resources based on the development of the calculation and design of rolling stamping and rolling processes with an assessment of the deformability of the material of the workpieces. For this purpose, a method was developed for calculating rational routes in the design of stamping and rolling processes, which provides: a reduction in the cost of production due to a reduction in the power of the equipment, the number of transitions and the elimination of scrap from destruction; improving the quality of products due to the formation of a favorable microstructure of the material, reducing the anisotropy of mechanical properties and limiting the resource of plasticity. It is shown that the accuracy of the dimensions of the workpiece after local deformation depends on the technological scheme, the accuracy of the dimensions of the tool and its setting, and the roughness of the surface of the product depends on the technological scheme, the roughness of the tool and the quality of lubrication. When stamping by rolling and rolling, the accuracy of the dimensions of the product is ensured according to quality 7-11, and the roughness of the surfaces, if the technological requirements are met, is μm. On the example of reshaping by stamping and rolling of square sheet blanks into round ones, it was proven that the degree of planar anisotropy decreased by 70-80% and the relative drop in yield strength in the plane of the sheet from 0.10-0.15 to 0.03-0.05, as well as an increase in ultimate deformation for tension by 8-10% and ultimate uniform deformation by 5-8%. When drawing cylindrical products from reshaped blanks, the size of the festoons decreases by 2-2.5 times, and the size of the ultimate degree of drawing increases by 10-15%. At the same time, the relative difference in wall thickness along the perimeter of the elongated workpiece decreases, and the decrease in wall thickness along its height becomes linear.
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