GREEN SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF PALLADIUM NANOPARTICLES : A REVIEW

Nanoparticles are ultra-fine particles, thickness within a range of 100 nm in diameter. They are held responsible in enormous fields like diagnosis, bio-imaging, drug delivery, cancer therapy, environmental applications, biosensors, electronics, etc., due to their unique physicochemical properties. Among many noble metals, Palladium (Pd) is one such metal that has gained attention in this review. Plant-based biosynthesis has revealed the possibilities of synthesizing nanometric range palladium particles, their stabilization and impact of varying pH, temperature and concentration mostly on development and morphology with nanoparticles. the biosynthesized particles were determined using UV-Visible spectral analysis, FTIR, SEM, TEM - EDX as well as DLS technique whose findings were in support to the role of phytochemicals operating as reducing and stabilizing agents during the Pd (II) reduction to Pd(0). The antimicrobial activity of palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs) synthesized from different plant extracts was also studied against various pathogens. The results showed the ability of Pd NPs to make the microbes susceptible by a clear zone of inhibition. Despite of all these experiments, the research demands further extensive study to bring out an exact mechanism for the process of Pd (II) reduction to Pd (0) and mode of action of Pd NPs against microbes.