Impacts of Electric Vehicle for Sustainable Transportation in Dhaka City

The transportation system of Dhaka city consists of a huge number of internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs) that run on gasoline and compressed natural gas (CNG). To reduce the air pollution due to the exhausts of these vehicles, the integration of battery electric vehicles (BEVs) based e-transportation system is a crying need. So far, no extensive studies have addressed the impacts of ICEVs on pollution in Dhaka city. In this study, we tried to address two issues: the emission of the current fleet of ICEVs and estimated the reduction of emission if electric vehicles were introduced phase by phase in Dhaka city and its impact on the power grid. It is found that the introduction of EVs will significantly reduce carbon dioxide emission in the next ten years. From our analysis, it was found that if we could introduce 15% EVs, with the current primary energy mix for electricity generation, about 4.4% of CO2 emission can be reduced by 2030. It has been observed that 9.11% reduce in CO2 emission can be achieved, with the same number of EV integration by 2030, for a primary energy mix with lower emission factors such as 40% nuclear, 50% solar PV and 10% gas.