自然灾害与宗教:伊斯兰思想背景下的2月6日Kahramanmaras地震

Kadir Güler
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引用次数: 0

摘要

自然事件是非凡的自然事件,与世界历史一样古老。如果这些事件给所发生的社会带来变化,就被称为灾难。这种变化可能因社会而异;此外,它在经济、社会学、心理学、政治、宗教和法律等领域也普遍存在。在自然灾害给社会带来变化的同时,也存在着应对、对抗和接受这些变化的差异。人天生就是感性的动物。因此,由于自然灾害,他们得到一些帮助来应对这个过程。这些益处包括文化活动、保健、体育活动或宗教信仰。在本研究中,我们试图表达经历过地震的个人如何管理这一过程,以及面对灾难时他们如何以及在多大程度上受益于宗教。由于宗教与人类历史一样古老,因此有太多的宗教思想,因此我们将研究限于伊斯兰教。在这方面,我们首先学习了《古兰经》中提到灾难的经文,以及伊斯兰教先知穆罕默德关于灾难的圣训。然后我们做了一个与我们的主题相关的文献研究。本文根据伊斯兰教的主要渊源及相关研究,从理论层面简要探讨了伊斯兰教对待自然灾害的态度。在我们研究的主要焦点上,我们纳入了Kahramanmaras省,Pazarcık中心地震发生在2023年2月6日,被描述为世纪灾难,影响了11个省。在地震发生后,我们试图用结构化访谈的方法来确定地震幸存者是如何应对地震的,在这个过程中他们是否得到了宗教信仰的支持,以及他们的宗教思想是否发生了变化。在我们的研究过程中,我们采访了20个人。由于我们将研究的理论部分限制在伊斯兰教,我们将访谈研究限制在穆斯林,并将田野调查限制在加济安泰普省。在这种情况下,我们已经确定,大多数灾难受害者将地震与命运的观念联系在一起,而这是安拉的预定的观念占主导地位。然而,我们遇到了没有将地震与宗教联系起来的穆斯林,我们在研究中说明了他们的原因。我们的研究在揭示伊斯兰教对待自然灾害的态度和穆斯林应对灾害的方法方面具有重要意义。在这里,我们还应该指出,在文献综述中,我们已经做了关于这个主题,我们已经注意到,心理学研究占多数。由于我们正试图从宗教社会学的角度来研究自然灾害,特别是地震,我们相信我们的研究在消除该领域的缺陷方面具有特殊的重要性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Natural Disasters and Religion: Kahramanmaras Earthquake on February 6 in the Context of Islamic Thought
Natural events are extraordinary natural events as old as world history. These events are called disasters if they bring about a change in the societies in which they occur. This change may differ according to societies; moreover, it occurs in economic, sociological, psychological, political, religious, and legal fields in general terms. As well as the difference in the change caused by natural disasters in society, there are also differences in coping, fighting, and accepting the said change. Man is an emotional creature by nature. Therefore, due to natural disasters, they receive some help to cope with the process. These benefits range from cultural activities, health care, sports activities, or religious beliefs. In this study, we tried to express how individuals who experienced the earthquake managed the process, and how and to what extent they benefited from religion in the face of the disaster. Since religions are as old as human history and, therefore, there are too many religious thoughts, we limited our study to the religion of Islam. In this respect, first of all, we studied the verses of the Qur’an, which refer to disasters, and the hadiths of Prophet Muhammad, the prophet of the Islam religion, about disasters. Then we did a literature study related to our subject. Based on the primary sources of the religion of Islam and related studies, we briefly discussed the approach of Islam to natural disasters at the theoretical level. On the main focus of our study, we included Kahramanmaras province, Pazarcık centered earthquake that occurred on February 6, 2023, which was described as the disaster of the century and affected 11 provinces. After the earthquake in question, we tried to determine how the earthquake survivors coped with the earthquake, whether they received support from their religious beliefs in this process, and whether there was any change in their religious thoughts with the structured interview method. In our study process, we interviewed 20 people. Since we limited the theoretical part of our study to the religion of Islam, we limited our interview study to Muslims and limited our fieldwork to Gaziantep province. In this context, we have determined that the majority of the disaster victims associate the earthquake with the idea of destiny, and that the idea that it is a predestination of Allah is dominant. However, we encountered Muslims who did not associate the earthquake with religion, and we stated their reasons in our study. Our research is important in terms of revealing Islam's approach to natural disasters and Muslims' methods of coping with disasters. Here, we should also state that in the literature review, we have done on the subject, we have noticed that psychology studies are in the majority. Since we are trying to examine natural disasters and especially earthquakes in terms of the sociology of religion, we believe that our research has special importance in terms of eliminating a deficiency in the field.
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