Mental health in coronavirus disease 2019: From small to tall

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread worldwide causing an unprecedented public health crisis. Strong social restraint, social distancing, and quarantine measures to prevent the COVID-19 spread have raised concerns about their mental health. Therefore, it is crucial to analyze and identify the psychological concepts and protective factors that support and constitute these guidelines and strategies and prepare practical suggestions and guidelines to protect the mental health of the children, adolescents, adults, and elderly during COVID-19. These discussions will facilitate a deeper understanding and expansion of these guidelines and strategies. Therefore, this review explores factors–including pandemic-induced stress, self-integration, self-efficacy, and resilience–to prepare practical and detailed suggestions and guidelines using studies that considered these factors, including coping with COVID-19-induced stress, social support, and physical activity.