Fostering Scaleup Ecosystems for Regional Economic Growth (Innovations Case Narrative: Manizales-Mas and Scale Up Milwaukee)

growth is significant concentrations of small and growing indigenous businesses.3 On the surface, these empirical findings are consistent with the popularization of the entrepreneurship ecosystem metaphor and the subsequent launching by governments and civic organizations of a plethora of startup encouragement programs (e.g., the Startup America Partnership, Startup Chile) as a lead economic development strategy.4 The startup movement has drawn support from the recurrent observation that startups (i.e., young firms) have produced a disproportionate number of new jobs, despite the fact that research has raised questions about the meaning of these findings and their extrapolation to startup policies.5