Modeling of stochastic electromagnetic fields

Stochastic electromagnetic fields can be described by their field-field correlations. Modern broadband time-domain measurement devices and new characterization techniques facilitate accurate modeling of noisy EM fields originating from noisy or quasi-stochastic radiation sources on printed circuit boards or other electronic devices and systems. Stationary noise originating from sources with a Gaussian probability distribution can be fully characterized by its second order moments. In the environment of digital circuits, we frequently encounter radiated cyclostationary noise. In this contribution, measurement and modeling techniques are discussed for the characterization of noisy electromagnetic fields.