Emoticons as Self-Disclosure in Social Media and Its Meaning for People Who are Deaf

Purpose : The limitations in communication for people who are deaf or unable to speak are evident. Like other people with disabilities, they too seek to acquire knowledge, search for information and understand its content, but there are barriers to self-expression and self-disclosure. This study provides insights into opportunities for people who are deaf, yet are able to access digital communication technology. It analyses their use of social media and emoticons for messages and communication. Online interaction enables self-disclosure to other people with deafness, as well as to people without disabilities. Method : The study used a qualitative approach with a phenomenological design. The interpretation of data was carried out with 5 key informants from the deaf community and 12 members of the deaf community, who use social media applications and various types of emoticons for self-disclosure on WhatsApp and Facebook. Selection of various emoticons took place through in-depth interviews, observations, and analysis of the conversations among themselves as well as people without disabilities. Results : The findings show that the motives for using social media, emoticons, and communication technology are to build online interactions and enable self-disclosure among people who are deaf. The use of emoticons in social media helps people who are deaf to express their feelings towards others, to communicate with their families and build intimate interpersonal relationships, making it easier to get along in their community. The ability to interact and understand social media content and communication technology, in general, depends on their experience and ability to master and give meaning to signs, words, emoticons, and language.