Tracking the Source of Marginal Electricity Generation on a Spatial-Temporal Basis in an Electricity Market

Many enterprises have the goal of reaching 100% renewable energy consumption. To accomplish this, there is a need for an accurate method of tracking renewable energy when it is mixed into the grid along with energy produced by fossil fuels. This study proposes a renewable energy tracking system based on a power flow model that considers transmission topology and impedance. An economic dispatch was implemented to find the marginal generators and binding transmission lines. An optimization problem was setup to identify the generation change of the marginal generators and to minimize the total cost to serve the load. Then, the Marginal Emission Factor (MEF) was found which gives the change in carbon emissions due to a change in demand. The model supplied the exact amount of power that these generators produced to this location which would allow a consumer to know how much of their power comes from renewable resources.