全球化趋势影响着国民经济的创新发展

T. Fedotova, M. V. Kudentsova
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The reasons for the low level of innovative activity are the shortcomings of the regulatory and legal framework, the high cost of attracting credit funds, the lack of a strategic vision of the future development of the company's activities by the managers of the enterprises. The problem is also the low level of budgetary financing of innovative developments, the lack of incentives from the state for enterprises. Investments in new technologies are providing higher returns than the industry average, and the structure of the economy is also changing. Legal, ethical, aesthetic and moral standards are dynamically changing. The level of education and health care is increasing. Also, the spread of innovations connects various socio-economic subjects into a single entity. One of the factors of increasing the competitiveness and efficiency of the economy at all its levels is the introduction of innovations. The innovation policy of a state should provide for the stimulation of innovation at the state and regional levels, involvement in global innovation networks, investment in research and development, improvement of the regulatory and legal environment, determination of priorities for innovation development at the state and regional levels etc. Globalization opens up opportunities to overcome the technological gap and introduce innovations to increase the competitiveness of the national economy. The main trends of the impact of globalization aspects of development on the innovative development of national economies are determined. The asymmetry of the innovative development of national economies in the conditions of globalization is studied. The reasons for the low level of innovation activity of national economies are established. 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引用次数: 0

摘要

目标。本文的目的是确定趋势并预测全球化趋势对国民经济创新发展的影响。在研究过程中,运用了比较、概括、分析与综合、归纳与演绎、具体化、系统化等科学方法。确定了创新和创造正在成为国民经济体系成功的主要因素。而创新的战略管理是公司反危机政策的重中之重。创新活动水平低的原因是监管和法律框架的不足,吸引信贷资金的成本高,企业管理者对公司活动的未来发展缺乏战略眼光。问题还在于创新发展的预算融资水平低,国家对企业缺乏激励。新技术投资的回报高于行业平均水平,经济结构也在发生变化。法律、伦理、审美和道德标准都在不断变化。教育和保健水平正在提高。此外,创新的传播将各种社会经济主体连接成一个单一的实体。提高经济在各个层面的竞争力和效率的因素之一是引进创新。一个国家的创新政策应该在国家和地区层面刺激创新,参与全球创新网络,投资研究和开发,改善监管和法律环境,确定国家和地区层面创新发展的优先事项等。全球化为克服技术差距和引进创新以提高国民经济的竞争力提供了机会。确定了全球化方面的发展对国民经济创新发展影响的主要趋势。研究了全球化条件下国民经济创新发展的不对称性。分析了我国国民经济创新活动水平低的原因。确定了国家创新政策的重要任务和世界创新经济发展的有效机制和前景趋势。以下是世界创新经济发展的有效机制和有前景的趋势:数字化和数字化,即利用数字技术优化业务流程;机器人技术是对全球人口变化的回应,包括人口老龄化和人类就业负担的增加;可再生能源;技术和知识的融合;虚拟化世界和人工智能。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
GLOBALIZATION TRENDS INFLUENCE ON THE INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF NATIONAL ECONOMIES
Objective. The objective of the article is the determination of trends and forecasting the impact of globalization trends on the innovative development of national economies. Methods. In the process of the research, the following general scientific methods are applied: comparison, generalization, analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, concretization, systematization. Results. It is determined that innovation and creativity are becoming the main success factors of national economic systems. And the strategic management of innovations is the most important task of the company's anti-crisis policy. The reasons for the low level of innovative activity are the shortcomings of the regulatory and legal framework, the high cost of attracting credit funds, the lack of a strategic vision of the future development of the company's activities by the managers of the enterprises. The problem is also the low level of budgetary financing of innovative developments, the lack of incentives from the state for enterprises. Investments in new technologies are providing higher returns than the industry average, and the structure of the economy is also changing. Legal, ethical, aesthetic and moral standards are dynamically changing. The level of education and health care is increasing. Also, the spread of innovations connects various socio-economic subjects into a single entity. One of the factors of increasing the competitiveness and efficiency of the economy at all its levels is the introduction of innovations. The innovation policy of a state should provide for the stimulation of innovation at the state and regional levels, involvement in global innovation networks, investment in research and development, improvement of the regulatory and legal environment, determination of priorities for innovation development at the state and regional levels etc. Globalization opens up opportunities to overcome the technological gap and introduce innovations to increase the competitiveness of the national economy. The main trends of the impact of globalization aspects of development on the innovative development of national economies are determined. The asymmetry of the innovative development of national economies in the conditions of globalization is studied. The reasons for the low level of innovation activity of national economies are established. The important tasks of the state innovation policy and the effective mechanisms and promising trends of the development of the innovative economies of the world are determined. The following effective mechanisms and promising trends in the development of the world's innovative economies are defined: digitization and digitalization, the use of digital technologies for optimizing business processes; robotics as a response to global demographic changes, consisting of an aging population and an increase in the burden on the employed part of humanity; renewable energy; convergence of technologies and knowledge; virtualization of the world and artificial intelligence.
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